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This study found that castration increased 5 alpha-reductase activity in the sebaceous glands of male hamsters, but administering testosterone propionate or 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone inhibited this effect.

5α-reductase inhibitors, like Finasteride and Dutasteride, help manage benign prostatic hyperplasia.

This study found that long-term finasteride therapy in men with BPH worsened erectile dysfunction and reduced testosterone levels, while these effects were not observed with tamsulosin.

This study observed that finasteride use among men with benign prostatic hyperplasia was associated with a decreased incidence of low-grade prostate cancer but not high-grade tumors.

This article reviews the role of 5α-reductase in cutaneous hyperandrogenism and the potential of 5α-reductase inhibitors and antiandrogens in treating conditions like hirsutism and male-pattern baldness, reporting no clinical results.

This review discusses sexual dysfunction as a side effect of α-blockers and 5-ARIs for BPH/LUTS, highlighting methodological flaws in existing studies and the need for more rigorous research.

In this study, PGD2 was shown to increase testosterone production in human keratinocytes through reactive oxygen species, suggesting potential benefits of antioxidants like N-acetyl-cysteine for AGA patients.

This case report highlights Leydig cell hyperplasia as a rare cause of increased testosterone and postmenopausal hirsutism, resolved after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in a 64-year-old woman.

This abstract discusses the unclear role of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in postembryonic life in marsupials and possibly humans, reporting no new findings.

This abstract reviews testosterone supplementation with and without a dual 5α-reductase inhibitor on fat-free mass in men with suppressed testosterone production and reports no new research findings.

In this review and meta-analysis, the authors concluded that 5α-reductase inhibitor therapy is not consistently associated with significant increases in serum testosterone levels in men.

In this study, DHT and calculated free DHT were linked to higher risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in elderly men, while total testosterone and calculated free testosterone showed no such associations.

This animal study found that Cinnamomi cortex water extract reduced prostate weight and improved histological changes in a benign prostatic hyperplasia model, suggesting potential as a treatment.

This review addresses the effects of testosterone on brain development and examines both the established sex differences in brain functions and the debate surrounding structural dimorphism in neuropsychiatric conditions.

This study found that MENT is 10 times more potent than testosterone in suppressing gonadotropins and contributing to anabolism in monkeys, with a potentially wider therapeutic index for human androgen replacement and male contraception.

This review discusses the limitations of serum androgen measurements in diagnosing and treating women with potential androgen-related disorders and the potential role of androgen replacement therapy for those with sexual interest/arousal disorders, reporting no new results.

This study found that testosterone enhances insulin secretion in human pancreatic islets by being converted into DHT and E2, processes that are necessary for this effect.

This study found that the non-steroidal antiandrogen RU58841 increased hair growth rates and promoted hair cycle initiation in balding human scalp grafts on testosterone-conditioned nude mice, indicating a positive effect on hair growth.

This study found that KH053, combining Panax ginseng and bee-pollen, significantly reduced prostate weight and DHT levels, inhibiting BPH development in a rat model.

This study found that Caesalpinia bonduc seed extracts significantly reduced prostate weight and improved prostate tissue morphology in Wistar rats with testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia.

In a clinical trial, this study found that a modified slow-release oral testosterone formulation improved pharmacokinetics, delaying serum testosterone peaks and reducing serum DHT compared to immediate-release formulations, especially when combined with finasteride.

This study found that testosterone administration reduced the expression of uterine receptivity molecules in ovariectomized rats, which may negatively affect early pregnancy establishment and female fertility.

This study found that aqueous extract of Pueraria mirifica, when administered to a rat model, significantly reduced prostate weight, prostatic index, and serum dihydrotestosterone levels, while also improving prostate histomorphology, suggesting its potential as an anti-BPH treatment.

This study found that combining D-004 with finasteride results in more significant prevention of testosterone-induced prostate enlargement in rats compared to using either treatment alone.

In this study, researchers investigated the effects of Aqueous Artocarpus heterophyllus seed extract on testosterone enanthate-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in adult Wistar rats, using three different dosages to assess its potential as an alternative therapy. Results are not reported in this abstract.

Randomized trials reported that testosterone therapy improved sexual function in postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, particularly those who had undergone oophorectomy, with reversible and well-tolerated side effects.

This study found that Ganoderma lucidum extracts reduced prostate enlargement and improved symptoms in testosterone-treated rats, suggesting potential benefits for managing benign prostatic hyperplasia.

This review discusses the safety of testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women and concludes that, aside from hirsutism and acne, it appears safe at physiological doses for several years, though more long-term studies are needed.

This study found that testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone induced apoptosis in dermal papilla cells from nonbalding scalp regions, suggesting a high androgen stimulus can trigger cell death related to androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that overexpression of AKR1C3 in prostate cancer cells redirected androgen metabolism towards testosterone production, which facilitated cell proliferation, potentially reducing the effectiveness of finasteride treatment.