Testosterone and the Brain: From Cognition to Autism

    January 2021 in “ Physiological Research ”
    Daniela Ostatníková, Silvia Lakatošová, Jaroslava Durdiaková, Július Hodosy, Peter Celec
    TLDR Testosterone affects brain functions and contributes to sex differences, influencing conditions like autism.
    The document reviewed the impact of testosterone on the brain, highlighting its role in creating sex differences in cognitive functions and its influence on neuropsychiatric disorders like autism, which were more common in males. It discussed how prenatal and postnatal testosterone affected brain structures and functions, contributing to differences in spatial and language tasks. While structural dimorphism in the brain was debated, there was strong evidence for gender differences in brain functions. The review aimed to summarize the complex effects of testosterone on the brain, focusing on sex differences in both neurotypical individuals and those with autism spectrum disorders.
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