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Glossary Pituitary Adenoma

benign tumor in the pituitary gland affecting hormone levels

A Pituitary Adenoma is a typically benign tumor that develops in the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain responsible for hormone production and regulation. These tumors can cause a variety of symptoms depending on whether they secrete excess hormones or press on surrounding brain structures, potentially leading to hormonal imbalances, vision problems, and other neurological issues.

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research METYRAPONE AS A BRIDGING THERAPY IN FLORID CUSHING’S DISEASE PATIENT PRIOR TO PITUITARY ADENOMECTOMY

July 2023 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies”

This case study details the successful use of metyrapone to manage severe Cushing’s disease symptoms and stabilize a patient’s biochemical parameters before she underwent pituitary surgery.

research PMON325 Rare Presentation of Precocious Puberty Secondary to LH-Secreting Adenoma

November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society”

This case study reports that in an 8-year-old male, a pituitary adenoma causing isolated high LH secretion led to early testosterone-driven puberty without typical testicular enlargement, highlighting the differential roles of LH and FSH in pubertal development.

research Scalp hair loss after transsphenoidal adenomectomy in patients with acromegaly

9 citations , September 2012 in “Clinical Endocrinology”

This study found that over half of the patients experienced varying degrees of hair loss after acromegaly surgery, with female patients and those with severe postoperative growth hormone deficiency more commonly affected.

research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the Context of Pituitary Adenomas: Prevalence, Pathophysiology and Clinical Management

2 citations , December 2024 in “Clinical Endocrinology”

This study suggests that persistent symptoms in patients with controlled functioning adenomas may indicate a coexisting PCOS diagnosis, highlighting the need for precise differentiation and timely management of these conditions.

research Human Hair Follicles Operate a Functional Peripheral Equivalent of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Somatotropic Axis Ex Vivo

4 citations , December 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This article discusses the role of human scalp hair follicles in neurohormone production and their model potential for studying neuroendocrine signaling, reporting no experimental results.

research Female pattern hair loss with acromegaly

October 2020 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology”

Hair loss improved after removing pituitary tumor.

Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cushing's Disease in a 12-Year-Old Boy

research Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of Cushing disease in a 12-year-old boy

February 2025 in “La Pediatria Medica e Chirurgica”

In this case study, a 12-year-old boy with Cushing's Disease experienced a complex diagnostic journey; ultimately, a left-side ACTH-secreting microadenoma was identified and treated with gamma knife therapy, normalizing hypercortisolism but resulting in growth hormone deficiency.

research Further Clinical Evidence for the Effect of IGF-1 on Hair Growth and Alopecia

29 citations , August 2017 in “Skin appendage disorders”

This study found that IGF-1 likely plays a crucial role in regulating hair growth and alopecia, with balding scalp follicles secreting less IGF-1 than nonbalding counterparts.

research Severe scalp hair loss in a female patient with acromegaly treated with lanreotide autogel after unsuccessful surgery

6 citations , October 2015 in “Clinical Case Reports”

This study highlights that scalp hair loss is an underreported side effect of somatostatin analogs therapy, potentially linked to decreased GH/IGF-1 levels or a direct drug effect.

research Menstrual Irregularity in Women with Acromegaly

66 citations , August 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

This study found that menstrual irregularity is common in women with acromegaly, with high GH levels, estrogen deficiency, and larger tumors correlating with more severe irregularity.

research Female Gonadal Function before and after Treatment of Acromegaly

74 citations , July 2010 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

This study found that gonadal dysfunction is very common in premenopausal women with acromegaly and may be caused by hyperprolactinemia, GH/IGF-I excess, or tumor effects.

research Gerbils

July 2017

This source outlines common health issues in weanling gerbils, including skin infections often tied to beta-hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus, and obesity-related conditions like diabetes, as well as respiratory infections and musculoskeletal problems, without detailing specific new study results.

research SINDROMA CUSHING PADA KEHAMILAN

2 citations , March 2018 in “INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY”

This case report describes a pregnant woman diagnosed with Cushing Syndrome, likely due to an adrenal tumor, whose condition worsened during hospitalization, resulting in heart failure, sepsis, and shock.

research Growth Hormone and the Human Hair Follicle

14 citations , December 2021 in “International journal of molecular sciences”

This article reviews current knowledge and research gaps on growth hormone in hair follicle biology, highlighting its complex role and suggesting further exploration to reveal nonclassical skin functions.

research E-Poster

December 2023 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism”

In this case report from People's College of Medical Sciences, a 20-year-old man initially misdiagnosed with Addison's disease was ultimately found to have strongyloidiasis, with his symptoms and weight loss improving after antihelminthic treatment.

research The Hormonal Background of Hair Loss in Non-Scarring Alopecias

February 2024 in “Biomedicines”

This review examines the hormonal causes of hair loss, noting how androgen excess can lead to follicle miniaturization and linking estrogen deficiency and thyroid dysfunction to common alopecia types. It further discusses hormonal treatments such as finasteride, dutasteride, and spironolactone.

research SERUM STEROIDS AND PITUITARY HORMONES IN FEMALE PUBERTY: A PARTLY LONGITUDINAL STUDY

186 citations , February 1980 in “Clinical Endocrinology”

This study observed that serum levels of oestradiol, testosterone, and androstenedione increase rapidly with the onset of puberty and continue to rise after menarche, with anovulatory cycles being common in early postmenarchal girls.

research Trilostane treatment of 78 dogs with pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism

149 citations , June 2002 in “Veterinary record/The veterinary record”

This study found that trilostane was effective in resolving symptoms such as polyuria and polydipsia in many dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, with significant hormone level reductions observed.

Results of Clinical Examinations, Laboratory Tests, and Ultrasonography in Dogs with Pituitary-Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism Treated with Trilostane

research Results of clinical examinations, laboratory tests, and ultrasonography in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism treated with trilostane

116 citations , April 2002 in “American journal of veterinary research”

This study found trilostane to be an effective and generally safe treatment for improving symptoms in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism.

research Use of trilostane for the treatment of pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism in a cat

36 citations , June 2003 in “The journal of small animal practice/Journal of small animal practice”

This case report describes a domestic shorthaired cat with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism treated with trilostane, which improved clinical signs, but the cat later succumbed to renal failure due to a fungal urinary tract infection.

research Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in a cat

29 citations , September 1986 in “Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association”

This case study diagnosed a cat with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, confirmed by specific hormonal tests and post-mortem findings of adrenal hyperplasia and a pituitary adenoma.

research Age-related changes in brain and pituitary 5α-reductase with finasteride (Proscar) treatment

26 citations , July 1995 in “Neurobiology of Aging”

Finasteride affects prostate weights and pituitary activity differently with age.

Altered Brain And Pituitary Androgen Metabolism By Prenatal, Perinatal Or Pre- And Postnatal Finasteride, Flutamide Or Dihydrotestosterone Treatment In Juvenile Male Rats

research Altered brain and pituitary androgen metabolism by prenatal, perinatal or pre- and postnatal finasteride, flutamide or dihydrotestosterone treatment in juvenile male rats

26 citations , November 1993 in “Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry”

This study reported that prenatal exposure to dihydrotestosterone altered long-term androgen metabolism in juvenile male rats, suggesting different regulatory mechanisms for 5a-reductase in hypothalamic versus pituitary tissues.

research Renal Carcinoma Presenting with Adrenocortical Insufficiency Due to a Pituitary Metastasis

20 citations , July 1998 in “Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine”

This case study details a 56-year-old man with initial misdiagnosed Addison's disease who was later found to have hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and secondary hypothyroidism.

research Cantú syndrome with coexisting familial pituitary adenoma

14 citations , January 2018 in “Endocrine”

This report describes a three-generation family with Cantú syndrome linked to a novel ABCC9 gene variant, featuring acromegaloid appearance and hypertrichosis without growth hormone abnormalities, and suggests a potential association with pituitary adenomas.

research Primary hypothyroidism presenting as pituitary failure.

11 citations , January 1973 in “BMJ”

This study reported that cortisone, testosterone, and thyroxine replacement therapy increased energy and hair growth, while decreasing cold sensitivity, in the absence of tumor recurrence.

research Measurement of Zinc, Copper, Manganese, and Iron Concentrations in Hair of Pituitary Dwarfism Patients Using Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

7 citations , January 2002 in “Biological Trace Element Research”

This study found that children with pituitary dwarfism had higher zinc and copper hair concentrations and lower manganese concentrations compared to healthy children.

research Correlation between MRI findings of pituitary gland and prolactin level among hyperprolactinemia adult female Saudi patients in rural areas: A retrospective multicentric study

2 citations , January 2025 in “Medicine”

This study in Saudi female patients with hyperprolactinemia found that pituitary imaging is often indicated due to a high prevalence of pituitary anomalies, with prolactin levels showing moderate accuracy in predicting adenomas and a suggested cutoff level of >38.71 ng/mL for diagnosis.

research Pituitary Macroprolactinoma with Mildly Elevated Serum Prolactin: Hook Effect.

2 citations , January 2018 in “PubMed”

This case report describes a 45-year-old man with a pituitary macroadenoma whose symptoms and tumor size improved significantly after one month of treatment with cabergoline.

research Endocrinology, Brain, and Pituitary Gland

2 citations , November 2013 in “Elsevier eBooks”

This chapter discusses the role of hormones in regulating reproductive biology and outlines how the endocrine system, particularly the brain and pituitary gland, controls these hormonal processes.