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This study suggests a regulatory model where HOXC13 activates Foxn1, affecting hair and nail differentiation, supported by similarities in Hoxc13(tm1Mrc) and Foxn1(nu) mice phenotypes and gene expression patterns.

This study observed that PAI-2 is consistently expressed in differentiating cells of murine hair and nail, suggesting it may function as a marker of differentiation and possibly protect against premature cell death.

This study observed that cathepsin L and transglutaminase 3 colocalize in the human hair bulb and nail matrix, suggesting their involvement in terminal differentiation within these epidermal appendages.

This study found that keratin expression patterns vary within nail unit structures, with the nail matrix uniquely expressing the acidic hair-type keratin Ha1.

This study found that specific human hair keratins are differentially expressed in the hair follicle, suggesting a shared pathway of epithelial differentiation between hair cortex and nail plate cells.

This study found that mutations in the Foxn1 gene in nude mice affect not only hair but also nail structure and differentiation, offering insights into nail hypergranulosis pathogenesis relevant to human nail diseases.

This study found that COL17 plays a key role in regulating epidermal keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation, influencing the expression of differentiation markers and cellular growth in specific conditions.

This article outlines methods to study the skin and its molecular traits, focusing on interpretation and techniques applicable to mouse models, including diverse assays and approaches like electron microscopy and large-scale lipid analyses.

This book compiles papers from a 1988 symposium on human hair follicle research, highlighting collaboration between dermatology and industry, but reports no new clinical findings.

This study reports that Iressa, an anti-cancer agent, commonly causes acneiform eruptions and xerosis as cutaneous side effects, similar to other agents targeting epidermal growth factor receptors.

This article highlights the benefits of combining calcipotriene and betamethasone for treating localized plaque-type, scalp, and nail psoriasis, enhancing effectiveness while reducing side effects compared to single-agent therapies.

This study identifies two previously unreported pathogenic RIPK4 gene variants, suggesting a functional link with cell adhesion molecules in ectodermal dysplasias.

More research is needed to understand how hair keratins work and their role in hair disorders.

This study revealed that BMP5 in onychofibroblasts may play a key role in the differentiation of nail matrix keratinocytes, highlighting transcriptional similarities between nail and hair structures.

This study shows for the first time that onychomatricoma can recapitulate the entire nail unit with differentiation toward the nail bed and isthmus, identifying new histopathological and immunohistochemical features.

This study found that trichocytic cytokeratins, typically found in hair, are also present in nails, filiform papillae of the tongue, and the epithelial reticulum of the thymus.

This study identified various cell types in the canine claw, showing complex mechanisms of cellular differentiation similar to mammalian hair and human nails.

This article reviews the use of high-frequency ultrasonography to visualize nail units and scalps in dermatology, highlighting its potential benefits for disease assessment and treatment monitoring, but reports no new clinical results.

Keratins change and are modified differently in skin layers and body parts.

Whn is crucial for hair growth in certain areas by controlling a specific gene.

This report describes a unique benign neoplasm on the nail unit called onychoblastoma, which histologically resembles a trichoblastoma, marking the first documented case of this tumor type.

This study found that T cytokeratins appear more gradually and with complex coexpression patterns in developing nail structures compared to the more abrupt transition in hair follicles.

Stem cells in mouse nails are found in the nail matrix and may control nail growth.

This review summarizes recent findings on FOXN1's essential role in thymus and skin biology and discusses emerging therapeutic approaches for immune disorders with athymia, but reports no new clinical results.

This case report documents a 61-year-old woman treated with erlotinib who experienced the rare side effect of cicatricial alopecia.

This study suggests that onychopapilloma may originate from the nail bed rather than the nail matrix, with nail bed-related keratins and HK31 potentially serving as diagnostic markers.

The document concludes that stem cells and their environments are crucial for skin and hair health and have potential for medical treatments.

This report details a case of a 43-year-old woman developing yellowish papular eruptions alongside typical acneiform skin reactions on her cheeks and chest following a switch from cetuximab to panitumumab treatment.