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GlossarymTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin)

regulates cell growth and metabolism in response to nutrients

mTOR, or the mechanistic target of rapamycin, is a protein that acts as a central regulator of cell growth, proliferation, and survival. It integrates signals from nutrients, growth factors, and cellular energy status to control processes like protein synthesis and autophagy. This pathway is significant in various biological contexts, including hair growth and alopecia, as it influences the activity of hair follicle cells.

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Skin Expression of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and Forkhead Box Transcription Factor O1, and Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Patients with Acne Vulgaris and Their Relationship with Diet

research Skin Expression of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and Forkhead Box Transcription Factor O1, and Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Patients with Acne Vulgaris and Their Relationship with Diet

93 citations, January 2016 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Eating a high-glycemic diet may worsen acne by increasing certain protein levels and expressions in the skin.

research Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) May Modulate the Timing of Anagen Entry in Mouse Hair Follicles

28 citations, November 2012 in “Experimental dermatology”

A protein complex called mTORC1 likely affects when hair growth starts in mice.

research Differential Expression of Phospho-S6 in Hair Follicle Tumors: Evidence of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway Activation

4 citations, January 2019 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology”

The mTOR pathway may be involved in the development of hair follicle tumors, with higher activity in malignant tumors.

research Elevated Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Gene Expression in Acne Vulgaris Patients

January 2023 in “Al-Azhar International Medical Journal /Al-Azhar International Medical Journal”

Acne patients have higher mTOR gene expression.

research Expression of Steroidogenic Enzymes in Human Sebaceous Glands

25 citations, June 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology”

Human sebaceous glands contain enzymes that affect androgen production and may influence sebum production and acne.

research Effects of Dihydrotestosterone on Rat Dermal Papilla Cells In Vitro

19 citations, April 2015 in “European Journal of Pharmacology”

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) doesn't affect rat skin cell growth, but it does change cell cycle, protein levels, and other cell functions, potentially shortening hair growth cycle.

research Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Review of Disease Pathogenesis

2 citations, July 2022 in “Frontiers in Medicine”

The cause of Frontal fibrosing alopecia, a type of hair loss, is complex, likely involving immune responses and genetics, but is not fully understood.

research Targeting mTORC1 May Provide Selectivity for Inhibiting Proliferation of Hair Follicle Stem/Progenitor Cells During Tumor Promotion

April 2012 in “Cancer research”

Blocking mTORC1 may help prevent skin cancer by stopping the growth of certain skin stem cells.

research Advances in the Management of Cutaneous Toxicities of Targeted Therapies

42 citations, April 2012 in “Seminars in Oncology”

Targeted cancer therapies often cause skin problems that need careful management to improve patient quality of life and treatment success.

research Influence of Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides on Sebocyte Lipid Content and Inflammatory Mediators

April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Cow milk sugars increase fat production and inflammation in skin oil cells.

research Topical Metformin as a Novel Therapy for Alopecia Areata Due to Its Immunologic Effects

August 2023 in “Medical Hypotheses”

Metformin, usually used for diabetes, can also help treat hair loss from alopecia areata due to its ability to reduce inflammation and stimulate new hair growth.

research Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin and Hypoxia Signaling Pathways in Basal Cell Carcinoma and Trichoepithelioma

15 citations, September 2014 in “PloS one”

The study found that analyzing certain cell signaling pathways is not a reliable method to tell apart two types of skin tumors.

research PI3K-Akt-mTOR and Associated Signaling Pathways as Molecular Drivers of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Update on Therapeutic Strategy Using Natural and Synthetic Compounds

9 citations, June 2023 in “Cells”

Certain natural and synthetic compounds may help treat inflammatory skin diseases by targeting a specific signaling pathway.

research Drug Repositioning Using In Silico Compound Profiling

24 citations, December 2009 in “Future Medicinal Chemistry”

Using computers to analyze drugs can find new uses for them, but actual experiments are needed to confirm these uses.

research Aging and Immortality: Quasi-Programmed Senescence and Its Pharmacologic Inhibition

295 citations, September 2006 in “Cell Cycle”

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

research Sesn2/AMPK/mTOR Signaling Mediates Balance Between Survival and Apoptosis in Sensory Hair Cells Under Stress

21 citations, October 2017 in “Cell death and disease”

Sesn2 protects inner ear hair cells from damage by regulating certain cell survival pathways.

research Rapamycin But Not Acarbose Decreases Age-Related Loss of Outer Hair Cells in the Mouse Cochlea

15 citations, September 2018 in “Hearing research”

Rapamycin reduces age-related hearing cell loss in mice, but acarbose does not.

research Dermatologic Care of the Transplant Patient

2 citations, September 2010 in “Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association”

Transplant patients on immunosuppressive medications have a higher risk of skin cancer, and managing this involves balancing medication with cancer risk.

research Androgen Receptor: A Promising Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer

21 citations, March 2019 in “Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences”

The androgen receptor is a promising target for breast cancer treatment, especially in triple-negative cases, but more research is needed for personalized therapies.

ATP-Competitive mTOR Kinase Inhibitors Delay Plant Growth by Triggering Early Differentiation of Meristematic Cells Without Developmental Patterning Change

research ATP-Competitive mTOR Kinase Inhibitors Delay Plant Growth by Triggering Early Differentiation of Meristematic Cells Without Developmental Patterning Change

161 citations, August 2013 in “Journal of experimental botany”

Certain inhibitors slow down plant growth by causing early cell specialization without changing the cell development pattern.

research Defining the Localization and Molecular Characteristics of Minor Salivary Gland Label-Retaining Cells

18 citations, April 2014 in “Stem cells”

The study found stem cells in minor salivary glands that can differentiate and are involved in tumor formation when exposed to tobacco.

research Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Secretome

271 citations, May 2019 in “Cells”

The secretome from mesenchymal stem cells is a promising treatment that may repair tissue and avoid side effects of stem cell transplantation.

research Disruption of Tubular Flcn Expression as a Mouse Model for Renal Tumor Induction

29 citations, June 2015 in “Kidney International”

Disrupting the Flcn gene in mice causes early kidney cysts and tumors, which can be treated with rapamycin.

research Impact of mTORC1 Inhibition on Keratinocyte Proliferation During Skin Tumor Promotion in Wild-Type and BK5.AktWT Mice

8 citations, September 2013 in “Molecular carcinogenesis”

Rapamycin reduces skin cell growth and tumor development by affecting cell signaling in mice.

research In Search of New Therapeutics: Molecular Aspects of the PCOS Pathophysiology - Genetics, Hormones, Metabolism and Beyond

44 citations, September 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

New treatments are needed for PCOS that target its genetic, hormonal, and metabolic causes.

research Molecular Genetics of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR Pathway in Genodermatoses: Diagnostic Implications and Treatment Opportunities

36 citations, January 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

The document concludes that understanding genetic mutations in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway can lead to better diagnosis and treatment for certain genetic skin disorders.