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This chapter reviews ethosomes for targeted drug delivery to the scalp in androgenetic alopecia and reports no clinical results; the authors emphasize reducing systemic side effects.

This study discusses ethosomes, which are lipid-based vesicular carriers that improve drug penetration into the skin due to their high ethanol content, highlighting their benefits in drug delivery despite stability issues like phospholipid oxidation and vesicle fusion during storage.

This review discusses the use of terpenes and invasomes as permeation enhancers for transdermal drug delivery, focusing on their potential applications in pharmaceutical formulations, but it reports no new experimental results.

This study found that invasomes enhanced the iontophoretic transdermal delivery of finasteride in rabbits, increasing AUC and T1/2 compared to oral suspension.

This study found that minoxidil-loaded niosomes with a Span 60 and cholesterol ratio of 1:2 significantly increased skin retention of minoxidil compared to control gel.

Ethosomes improve finasteride delivery through skin for hair loss treatment.

This review study found that vesicular carriers like liposomes, niosomes, invasomes, and transferosomes can enhance drug penetration through follicles, benefiting treatments for alopecia, acne, and infections, as well as potentially facilitating systemic delivery of antihypertensive drugs and insulin.

In this study, researchers found that niosomes, bilosomes, and spanlastic formulations can enhance the oral anticoagulation efficiency of rivaroxaban in rats, with spanlastic ranked as the most effective in prolonging clotting, prothrombin, and tail bleeding times compared to unprocessed rivaroxaban.

This review discusses various nanoparticles and nanoemulsions being investigated for transdermal drug delivery and reports no clinical results; it highlights potential applications in treating alopecia, wound healing, psoriasis, and melanoma.

This study found that penetration enhancer-containing vesicles significantly improved minoxidil delivery to the skin compared to traditional liposomes and penetration enhancer-containing ethanolic solutions, with deformability linked to enhanced deposition.

This review discusses the research and development of vesicular carriers to enhance the delivery and effectiveness of active ingredients in cosmetic products, reporting no new clinical results.

This research found that ethosomes significantly enhanced finasteride delivery into the dermis of human cadaver skin compared to liposomes in an in vitro study.

This article reviewed the preparation, application, and characterization of ethosomes as drug delivery transporters and reported that in a double-blind randomized clinical study, ethosomal acyclovir significantly improved all evaluated parameters in skin delivery, highlighting potential for novel therapies.

This review highlights novel drug delivery systems for alopecia that enhance localization in the pilosebaceous unit, reduce systemic exposure, and support sustained drug release, with a focus on optimized follicular carriers ranging from 100-300 nm for improved drug residence compared to conventional methods.

In this study, niosomal formulations enhanced minoxidil skin accumulation compared to commercial and control solutions, suggesting a potential improvement for topical delivery in hair loss treatment.

This review explores how colloidal drug delivery systems can enhance the stability, absorption, and bioavailability of phytochemicals, potentially rediscovering ancient compounds' therapeutic benefits and overcoming limitations like poor solubility and bioavailability.

This review discusses ethosomes as lipid carriers that enhance drug penetration into deep skin layers and underscores the need for advanced research on their pharmaceutical applications, but it reports no clinical outcomes.

In this review, researchers discussed various novel drug delivery systems, including lipid nanocarriers and polymeric nanoparticles, that may enhance treatment for alopecia by improving drug localization in hair follicles and reducing systemic exposure, potentially offering better outcomes than conventional treatments.

This study found that a non-ionic ethosomal carrier system significantly improved the delivery and adsorption of black tea extracts onto hair surfaces in vitro, suggesting its potential as a hair dye and protective agent.

This paper reviews the development of transdermal drug delivery systems for skin diseases, from first to fourth generation, and highlights ongoing challenges and the importance of clinical trials, but provides no new clinical results.

This review systematically examined recent advancements in spironolactone-loaded nanocarriers, revealing that lipid and vesicular nanoparticles enhance bioavailability and skin penetration for treating androgen-dependent disorders, but highlighted the need for further clinical studies to optimize their use.

This study found that Cerasus serrulata extracts, when obtained through specific methods, demonstrate significant antioxidative and antibacterial properties, as well as potential anti-alopecia effects in a mouse model, potentially making them useful supplements for these purposes.

This study at Shandong Provincial Hospital evaluated interventional embolization for scalp arteriovenous fistulas, finding a cure rate of 85.71% among 21 patients, with swelling as a common postoperative complication, suggesting this method is both effective and safe.

This review discusses the pharmacological actions of mangiferin and the potential of delivery carriers to overcome its limitations, but reports no new clinical results.

PEVs effectively deliver minoxidil through skin.

In this study, luteolin-loaded nanoemulsions were shown to promote hair growth similarly to a luteolin solution in organic solvents, offering enhanced stability for follicular delivery.

This review highlights recent developments in nanovesicular carriers for enhancing molecule delivery into and across the skin, focusing on the design and evolution of phospholipid and non-phospholipid systems used in cosmetics and treating various skin conditions.

This study found that nanoethosomes containing Lidocaine showed effective skin penetration, suggesting they may be a suitable carrier for topical anesthetic delivery.

This review discusses the use of phospholipid soft vesicle carriers to improve the delivery and therapeutic outcomes of topical treatments for various skin conditions, but reports no new clinical results.

This study reported that invasomes, utilizing limonene as a component, enhanced the transdermal permeation of finasteride by over 21 times, indicating their potential as a novel drug delivery system.