A Systematic Review of Spironolactone Nano-Formulations for Topical Treatment of Skin Hyperandrogenic Disorders and Chronic Wounds

This study concluded that both oral and topical spironolactone effectively treat androgenetic alopecia, with topical administration being safer and suitable for any gender, especially when combined with minoxidil.

This study found that finasteride-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers developed for topical application showed satisfactory size, stability, and prolonged drug release, suggesting potential for enhanced delivery in androgenic alopecia treatment.

This study found that Spironolactone-loaded ethosomal gels provided superior skin permeation and deposition compared to niosomal gels in rabbit skin, suggesting that ethosomal gels could be a promising formulation for further clinical studies on treating androgenic alopecia.

This study reported a significant increase in the use of spironolactone for treating acne and hidradenitis suppurativa in female adolescents, noting a 2- to 3-fold rise in prescriptions and suggesting improved tolerance compared to adults, though its efficacy in adolescents is less pronounced.

This study explored the development of polymeric nanoparticles for topical spironolactone delivery, finding that larger nanoparticles (180 nm) enhanced drug targeting to hair follicles significantly more than smaller ones or non-nanoparticle formulations, offering promise for safer acne and alopecia treatments.

This study found that polymeric micelle nanocarriers delivered pharmacologically relevant amounts of spironolactone to the epidermis and upper dermis, with higher delivery to pilosebaceous units, suggesting potential for treating glucocorticoid-induced impaired wound healing and pilosebaceous androgen-related skin diseases.

This review discusses the potential of nanotechnology-based formulations for delivering topical minoxidil to improve hair loss treatment outcomes and reports no new clinical results, urging further research into their benefits and safety considerations.

The study found that cyproterone acetate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers, particularly those with a 300 nm diameter, improved skin penetration and targeted hair follicles more effectively than free cyproterone acetate.

This review discusses hormone-modulating therapies for androgen-mediated cutaneous disorders in women but reports no new clinical results and highlights the need for more rigorous studies.

This study found that the nanostructured lipid carrier formulation with a 70:30 solid to liquid lipid ratio significantly increased the dissolution rate, entrapment efficiency, and stability of spironolactone compared to its raw form.

This study found that inactivating CerS4 in mice led to hair follicle stem cell exhaustion and hair loss, indicating its role in regulating hair regeneration through ceramide composition and signaling pathways.

In this study, polymeric micelles containing retinoic acid were found to improve targeted delivery to hair follicle structures in human skin more efficiently than a marketed retinoic acid gel, suggesting potentially safer and more effective acne treatment.

This study suggests that spironolactone-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers could enhance follicular delivery and offer a more localized treatment for androgenic alopecia, potentially reducing systemic side effects.

This study reports that spironolactone use was associated with a decreased risk of developing rosacea compared to other diuretics, particularly in current users without previous androgenic skin disease diagnoses.

This study found that overexpression of the mineralocorticoid receptor in a mouse model led to premature epidermal barrier development, keratinocyte apoptosis, and postnatal alopecia, indicating new roles for MR signaling in skin physiology.

This study found that ethosomal carriers enhanced dermal and transdermal drug delivery more effectively than classic liposomes, improving delivery to deep skin layers and showing potential for treating conditions like herpes labialis and diabetes.