research How Should Postmenopausal Androgen Excess Be Evaluated?
Evaluate postmenopausal women with high androgen levels using medical history, physical exams, lab tests, and imaging to manage health risks.
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research Female Hirsutism: Pathophysiological Considerations and Therapeutic Implications
Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.
research Characteristics of Men Who Report Persistent Sexual Symptoms After Finasteride Use for Hair Loss
Finasteride for hair loss may cause persistent sexual symptoms, depression, anxiety, and lower quality of life.
research Female Pattern Hair Loss and Androgen Excess: A Report From the Multidisciplinary Androgen Excess and PCOS Committee
Use "female pattern hair loss" term, assess androgen excess, treat with minoxidil and other medications if needed.
research Safety of Testosterone Use in Women
Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.
research Diagnostic Criteria for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
To diagnose Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, two out of three signs—irregular periods, high male hormone levels, or cysts on the ovaries—are needed.
research Prevalence of CYP21 Mutations and IRS1 Variant Among Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Adrenal Androgen Excess
Some women with PCOS have CYP21 mutations and IRS1 variants, but these genetic factors are not major contributors to PCOS.
research Original Research—Endocrinology: Comparison of the Steady-State Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, and Variability of a Transdermal Testosterone Patch Versus a Transdermal Testosterone Gel in Hypogonadal Men
The testosterone patch and gel are both effective, but they have different absorption patterns and effects on hormone levels.
research Surrogate End-Points or Primary Outcomes in Clinical Trials in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?
The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.
research Controversies Regarding Transdermal Androgen Therapy in Postmenopausal Women
Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
research Revisiting Hyper- and Hypo-Androgenism by Tandem Mass Spectrometry
The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.
research A Rational Approach to the Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome During Adolescence
Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers should focus on signs of excess male hormones and not rely solely on ovarian ultrasound or irregular periods, and should be reassessed in adulthood.
research The Hyperandrogenic-Insulin-Resistant Acanthosis Nigricans Syndrome: Therapeutic Response
Most patients improved with oral contraceptives, but some needed additional treatment.
research The Modified Ferriman-Gallwey Score and Hirsutism Among Filipino Women
An mFG score of 7 or higher indicates hirsutism in Filipino women, often linked to higher free testosterone levels.
research Testosterone Implants in Women: Pharmacological Dosing for a Physiologic Effect
Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.
research What Is the Rationale for Androgen Therapy for Women?
Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.
research A Variant of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene Is Not Associated with Adrenal Androgen Excess in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
The N363S gene variant does not cause higher adrenal androgen levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
research A Perspective on the Evolving Landscape in Male Reproductive Medicine
Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.
research The Optimal Indication for Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Late-Onset Hypogonadism
Testosterone replacement therapy should be used for men with low testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism, after careful diagnosis and considering individual needs.
research Management of Endocrine Disease: Hyperandrogenic States in Women - Pitfalls in Laboratory Diagnosis
Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.
research Determining the Normal Cut-Off Levels for Hyperandrogenemia in Chinese Women of Reproductive Age
Normal levels for certain hormones in Chinese women of reproductive age were identified.
research New Biomarkers to Evaluate Hyperandrogenemic Women and Hypogonadal Men
The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.
research Testosterone in Women: Measurement and Therapeutic Use
Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.
research Interventional Studies for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Children and Adolescents
Early treatment and lifestyle changes are important for managing PCOS in young people to prevent long-term health issues.
research Androgens in Women: Critical Evaluation of Methods for Their Determination in Diagnosing Endocrine Disorders
The conclusion is that standardizing testosterone measurement methods is essential for better diagnosis accuracy in women.
research Testosterone Therapy in Premenopausal Women
Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
research Diagnosis and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms, regulating periods, and reducing health risks, with specific medications for fertility and metabolic issues.
research Penetration Profile and Human Cadaver Skin Distribution of Finasteride from Vesicular Nanocarriers
Ethosomal carriers effectively deliver hair loss drug into skin.
research Hirsutism: From Diagnosis to Use of Antiandrogens
Antiandrogens are the main treatment for hirsutism, with individualized care and safe, affordable options needed.
research Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review
The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms and reducing long-term metabolic risks, with lifestyle changes being important.