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Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.

Chinese women with PCOS have higher androgen levels, which change with age and weight.

Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.

Vitamin D may help reduce antibody levels in men with autoimmune thyroiditis and early-onset androgenic alopecia, but has no significant impact on thyroid function.

Blood tests can detect ovarian Leydig cell tumors when scans don't, and surgery can confirm and treat these tumors.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.

Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is hard due to varying symptoms, no set criteria, and the need for better tests and education.

Rosuvastatin improves lipid levels, reduces inflammation, but worsens insulin sensitivity in men with early-onset hair loss.

Hypothyroidism in dogs is usually caused by immune system issues or gland atrophy, affects middle-aged purebreds most, and is treatable with medication.

Microneedling with platelet-rich plasma helps dog hair regrow faster than microneedling alone.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.

Androgen therapy might help some women with low libido, but it has risks and should be used carefully.

The conclusion is that different types of hair loss in dogs and cats can be cosmetic or serious, and affected animals should not be bred.

Cats lose fur due to various reasons, including allergies, infections, genetics, hormones, diet, cancer, stress, and some conditions are treatable while others are not.

The research found that measuring androgens in urine can give extra information about body metabolism and is linked to androgen levels in the blood, especially in young girls.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain androgens, which are good at predicting excess hair growth.

Diagnosing and treating PCOS is complex due to differing criteria and requires a team approach.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Alopecia in animals can be hereditary, congenital, or acquired, with treatments and outcomes varying widely.

Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire but needs more safety research and should be used with estrogen therapy.

Testosterone therapy can help with androgen deficiency in women but should be used with caution and monitoring due to potential risks.

Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual function, mood, and bone density in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on long-term safety.

Endocrine diseases in dogs often cause skin problems, with hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocorticism being common and leading to hair loss and infections.

Keratin from hair binds well to gold and BMP-2, useful for bone repair.

The cat's hypothyroidism was successfully managed with levothyroxine, leading to a stable condition.

The hair coat disorder in Schipperkes is similar to Alopecia X and involves increased androstenedione levels and hair cycle arrest.

The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.

Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.

Testosterone replacement is recommended for men with low testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism.