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This study found that older women with polycystic ovarian syndrome are more likely to experience metabolic syndrome and have different metabolic and reproductive profiles than younger women.

This study reports an increased frequency of the DI genotype of the ACE gene polymorphism among women with PCOS, notably in those with hyperandrogenism, and an association of the II genotype with insulin resistance.

This study identified a new gene, mrp4, in mice, which suggests it may have a unique role in the growth and development of hair follicles in the ears and tails.

This study found that obesity in PCOS women with biochemical hyperandrogenemia lowers androstenedione levels and increases the testosterone to androstenedione ratio, but this was not observed in women with clinical hyperandrogenemia or in controls.

This study reports that in women with non-tumor hyperandrogenism, a decrease in serum testosterone from insulin-sensitizing therapy like metformin may indicate a low likelihood of having an androgen-secreting tumor.

This study found that the prevalence of PCOS in Thai adolescents was 5.29%, with moderate acne identified as the strongest associated risk factor.

This study found that higher Lnk expression in PCOS patients may contribute to insulin resistance by inhibiting insulin signaling pathways.

This case study describes an extremely rare instance of androgen-secreting adrenocortical carcinoma in a patient with non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

In this study, echocardiographic measures of cardiac function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome were found to be similar to those of healthy women.

This review discusses the regulation of hair growth, causes of excessive androgen secretion, and current safe solutions for hyperandrogenism manifestations in women but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that androsterone glucuronate (ADT-G) was the only androgenic metabolite sensitive to detecting differences between adult women with acne and controls, and its levels decreased with systemic treatment.

This study found that women with PCOS have higher total PSA levels than controls, and the total PSA level correlates positively with testosterone and free androgen index.

This study found that relatives of women with symptoms of oligo-amenorrhoea and hirsutism experienced higher rates of hirsutism, menstrual disorders, infertility, childlessness, diabetes, and hypertension compared to relatives of symptomless women.

This chapter reviews the biosynthesis, mechanism of action, and therapeutic effects of testosterone and related androgens, but reports no new research findings.

This case report describes a 15-year-old girl with severe hyperandrogenaemia linked to both an ovarian androgen-secreting tumor and HAIR-AN syndrome, highlighting the complexity of diagnosing polycystic ovarian syndrome.

This review discusses 'vibe coding', a new approach that allows clinicians with minimal coding skills to utilize machine learning tools for medical research by using natural language directives to generate and refine code through AI-driven platforms.

In this retrospective study of eight Saudi children with hereditary vitamin D resistant rickets, researchers observed that adjunctive cinacalcet appeared safe and showed initial promise in improving serum PTH levels, though further investigation is needed to confirm its efficacy.

This case report involved a premenopausal woman with rapidly progressing virilizing symptoms caused by a rare sertoliform endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary. Following surgical intervention, her symptoms improved, highlighting the importance of recognizing virilizing symptoms as potential indicators of low-grade ovarian malignancies in similar cases.

This study observed that testosterone therapy in transgender men enhances both physical and mental health, is safe in the short and middle term with proper follow-up, and highlights the need for endocrinologists to provide gender-affirming care despite its limited presence in medical education.

This review discusses the timing and management of dyslipidemia screening and intervention in pregnancy and highlights the need for lipid profile assessments each trimester; it reports no clinical results.

In this study, polycystic ovary syndrome was the most prevalent cause of androgen excess, and suppressive hormonal therapy improved hirsutism, menstrual dysfunction, and acne in most patients, though side effects were common.

This review provides a comprehensive overview of melatonin's physiological roles, effects, and clinical implications, but it does not present new experimental findings.

Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.

This study describes the first case of female pseudohermaphroditism due to a novel homozygous glucocorticoid receptor gene mutation, indicating possible pre- and postnatal virilization in affected females.

This study suggests that adding metformin to diet and exercise improves insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS, though lifestyle changes alone may enhance menstrual cycles.

This review covers the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to P450c21, but it reports no new clinical results.

This article discusses diagnostic guidelines for PCOS, emphasizing the use of the Rotterdam criteria and recommending clomiphene citrate as the first-line treatment for ovulation induction; it reports no new clinical results.

This study concluded that heterozygosity for CYP21 mutations is associated with higher mean and free testosterone levels in women but does not significantly increase their risk of developing clinically evident hyperandrogenism.

This retrospective study found that serum hormone levels and MRI detection of ovarian nodules contributed to distinguishing virilizing ovarian tumors from ovarian stromal hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, though histopathology remains crucial for diagnosis.

This study concluded that neither basal nor ACTH-stimulated 17-OHP concentrations effectively indicate carrier status for 21-hydroxylase deficiency among Slovenian hyperandrogenic women, recommending molecular analysis of the CYP21 gene for reliable screening.