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Treating classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency requires precise glucocorticoid dosing and attention to individual patient needs, with new treatments showing promise.

The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.

Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.

RSPO1 mutations in certain patients lead to skin cells that don't develop properly and are more likely to become invasive, increasing the risk of skin cancer.

Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.

Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.

The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.

Understanding how DHT works is important for diagnosing and treating hormone-related disorders.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

S5αR inhibitors might help treat schizophrenia and other mental disorders but need more research.

The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

Fadrozole and finasteride change gene expression related to sex hormones and thyroid hormones in frog larvae development.

Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.

The document concludes that understanding health requires considering evolutionary perspectives on reproductive fitness, and recognizing the complexity of factors like diet, testosterone, and sexual orientation.

Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.

Natural herbal compounds might treat certain medical conditions by reducing DHT levels, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.

The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.

Post-finasteride patients show changed neuroactive steroid levels, possibly causing erectile dysfunction and depression.

PFS and PSSD are similar conditions with persistent sexual dysfunction after stopping medication.

Androgen treatment with dihydrotestosterone may help maintain height in patients with 5-α-reductase type 2 deficiency, especially before puberty.

More research is needed on the health effects of hormone therapy for transgender and nonbinary people.

Women may need different blood pressure guidelines than men for heart disease prevention.

Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.

Men and women react differently to opioids, with hormones potentially influencing these differences.

Early hormones shape sex-specific differences in rat glands.

Understanding genes and hormones is crucial for managing male puberty and sex development disorders.

Conditions affecting sex development show that sexual diversity is a natural part of human variation.