44 citations
,
January 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” This study suggests that androgen receptor gene CAG repeat length may influence serum free testosterone levels in some PCOS patients, with longer repeats associated with higher testosterone concentrations.
29 citations
,
July 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This review discusses the potential role of androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism testing in hypogonadism management for both sexes, but its clinical utility remains unclear and requires further investigation.
10 citations
,
November 2010 in “Journal of Dermatology” In this study, the researchers reported that finasteride's efficacy in treating female pattern hair loss in Japanese patients was not predictable based on CAG repeat numbers in the androgen receptor gene.
1 citations
,
January 2019 in “Journal of Research in Medical Sciences” This study found that a lower number of GGC sequences in the androgen receptor gene was associated with better clinical response to finasteride in male androgenetic alopecia patients.
January 2009 in “Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This study suggests that variations in CAG repeat numbers in the androgen receptor gene may not significantly influence the risk of androgenetic alopecia in Korean males.
186 citations
,
July 1998 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” This study found that shorter CAG-repeat lengths in the androgen receptor may be associated with the development of androgen-mediated skin disorders like androgenetic alopecia, acne, and hirsutism in both men and women.
In this study, the researchers found no significant link between CAG repeat numbers in the androgen receptor gene and female pattern hair loss in a Chinese population.
9 citations
,
September 2015 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” This study suggests that longer GGN repeat polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome in women.
5 citations
,
January 2016 in “Dermatology” This study found no significant difference in CAG repeat numbers of the androgen receptor gene between Han Chinese women with female pattern hair loss and healthy controls, suggesting it may not be a genetic marker for FPHL in this population.
2 citations
,
January 2008 in “Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)”
9 citations
,
March 2009 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” This study found that variations in the androgen receptor gene influenced memory function in women, with GGN repeat polymorphisms significantly affecting logical memory performance only in females.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” This study found that the count of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor gene may be associated with acne in female patients without hyperandrogenism.
June 2023 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” In this study, Egyptian nodulocystic acne patients had significantly fewer CAG repeats in their androgen receptor gene compared to controls, which may influence acne development and suggest a role for antiandrogen therapy in treatment strategies.
March 2017 in “European Urology Supplements” This study found that variations in (CAG)n and (GGN)n polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene appear to influence symptom severity in men with post-finasteride syndrome.
26 citations
,
November 2009 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” This study found no significant difference in the CAG and GGN repeat lengths between infertile and fertile men in Nigeria, but identified a unique GGN allele distribution in the Nigerian population compared to Caucasians.
93 citations
,
June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that serum androgen levels in premenopausal women may be influenced by genetic variants of the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor β genes.
54 citations
,
November 2001 in “Urology” This review discusses the association between androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism and several health conditions, including Kennedy’s disease and urologic disorders, without reporting new clinical results.
45 citations
,
November 2012 This review discusses the association between androgen receptor gene polymorphism and PCOS, reporting mixed findings on whether shorter or longer CAG repeats are linked to the disorder; it provides no new results and calls for further studies.
9 citations
,
September 2014 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” This study found that men without prostate cancer carrying the A-allele of SNP rs1204038 had a 65% higher risk of PSA levels above 3 ng/mL compared to those with the G-allele, increasing referrals for further examination.
This study suggests that androgen receptor CAG polymorphisms may not significantly influence androgenetic alopecia susceptibility in Korean men.
December 2010 in “Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii” This article reviews molecular and genetic mechanisms in the development of androgenic alopecia and examines the relationship between androgen receptor gene polymorphism and androgen-dependent diseases, but reports no new clinical results.
April 2011 in “Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii” This study found an association between 'short' CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene and increased non-random X chromosome inactivation in women with androgenic alopecia.
41 citations
,
October 2011 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This meta-analysis suggests that the G allele of AR StuI polymorphism might be a potential risk factor for AGA, particularly in white populations.
34 citations
,
January 2000 in “Journal of Andrology” This study found no difference in CAG repeat length between Chinese and Australian men, refuting the hypothesis that this polymorphism and central prostate zone volume are markers of long-term androgen sensitivity.
October 2025 in “Scientific Reports” In this study of 131 healthy men aged 30 to 45, no relationship was found between androgen receptor gene polymorphisms related to androgen sensitivity and biological age markers, suggesting that other factors may influence the aging process independently of these genetic variations.
12 citations
,
October 2004 in “Experimental Gerontology” This review summarizes how common polymorphisms in androgen and estrogen receptor genes may influence aging-related symptoms and diseases in men, but it reports no new clinical results.
January 2006 in “Chinese Journal of Dermatology” This study suggests that polymorphisms in the androgen receptor gene's GGC repeat and the combined CAG-GGC triplet repeats are associated with androgenetic alopecia among Han men in Eastern China.
299 citations
,
March 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that specific genetic markers near the androgen receptor gene are significantly more common in men with male pattern baldness, suggesting a genetic component in its development.
25 citations
,
August 2006 in “Human Reproduction” This study found that the GGC repeat length significantly influenced testosterone levels in oral contraceptive users from high-risk breast cancer families, and homozygosity for short alleles may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.
7 citations
,
July 2014 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” This study found that, among fertile egg donors, the AR gene CAG polymorphism was associated with differences in antral follicle count but did not impact ovarian response to gonadotrophins.