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    Glossary Autoimmune Diseases

    immune system attacks the body's own tissues

    Autoimmune diseases are conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, thinking they are foreign invaders. This can lead to a variety of health issues, depending on which part of the body is targeted. Examples include rheumatoid arthritis, where joints are affected, and alopecia areata, where hair follicles are attacked, leading to hair loss.

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    1. “Downy hair sign”—A clue to autoimmune disease in curly hair JAAD Case Reports · 2024
    2. Alopecia in preexisting autoimmune thyroid disease in family medicine practice: can hyperprolactinemia induce hair loss? A case report Acta dermatovenerologica Alpina, Pannonica et Adriatica (Tiskana izd.) · 2021 · 1 citations
    3. Alopecia Areata: A tissue specific autoimmune disease of the hair follicle Autoimmunity Reviews · 2005 · 185 citations
    4. Development of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata Is Associated with Cardiac Dysfunction in C3H/HeJ Mice PLOS ONE · 2013 · 18 citations
    5. Autoimmune Disease and Hair Loss Dermatologic Clinics · 2012 · 35 citations
    6. Hair Disorders in Autoimmune Diseases Skin appendage disorders · 2023
    7. Hair disorders associated with autoimmune connective tissue diseases. PubMed · 2014 · 6 citations
    8. Hair disorders associated with autoimmune connective tissue diseases Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2018 · 1 citations
    9. Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata Clinical and Developmental Immunology · 2013 · 106 citations
    10. Advances in Hair Diseases Advances in Dermatology · 2008 · 5 citations
    11. ABC of Dermatology: Diseases of the hair and scalp The BMJ · 1988 · 1 citations
    12. Autoimmune Disease Induction in a Healthy Human Organ: A Humanized Mouse Model of Alopecia Areata Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2012 · 75 citations
    13. Hair and Nail Manifestations of Systemic Disease Current Dermatology Reports · 2017 · 1 citations
    14. Is there a relationship between premature gray hair and other autoimmune phenomena with diminished ovarian reserve? Fertility and Sterility · 2012
    15. Tyrosine Kinases in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases Frontiers in immunology · 2019 · 88 citations
    16. Epidemiology of vitiligo, associated autoimmune diseases and audiological abnormalities: Ankara study of 80 patients in Turkey 2010 · 88 citations
    17. Generalized Vitiligo Associated Autoimmune Diseases in Japanese Patients Their Families Allergology International · 2011 · 81 citations
    18. Resident Memory T Cells in Autoimmune Skin Diseases Frontiers in immunology · 2021 · 50 citations
    19. Altered expression of keratin 14 in lesional epidermis of autoimmune skin diseases International Journal of Dermatology · 2015 · 15 citations
    20. Immune-Molecular Link between Thyroid and Skin Autoimmune Diseases: A Narrative Review Journal of Clinical Medicine · 2024 · 6 citations
    21. Human Regulatory T Cells: Understanding the Role of Tregs in Select Autoimmune Skin Diseases and Post-Transplant Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2023 · 1 citations
    22. A new self‐reported measure of disease severity of scalp hair loss in alopecia areata British Journal of Dermatology · 2020 · 1 citations
    23. The role of vitamin D3 deficiency in the etiopathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases 2023
    24. Exosomes: Cutting-Edge Therapies for Autoimmune Dermatologic Diseases Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports · 2025
    25. Alopecia Areata: An Autoimmune Disease of Multiple Players ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2021 · 31 citations
    26. Homoeopathic approach in autoimmune disease with case report: Alopecia International Journal of Homoeopathic Sciences · 2025
    27. Hair follicle is a target of stress hormone and autoimmune reactions Journal of Dermatological Science · 2010 · 61 citations
    28. The analysis of genetics and associated autoimmune diseases in Chinese vitiligo patients Archives of dermatological research · 2008 · 68 citations
    29. Microneedling for Cutaneous Manifestations of Autoimmune Disease: A Scoping Review Cureus · 2026
    30. An Update on Alopecia and its Association With Thyroid Autoimmune Diseases European endocrinology · 2023