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Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.

In this case report, a 13-year-old boy's acute appendicitis revealed Crohn's disease after unsuccessful conservative management required surgery, highlighting the diagnostic value of histopathological examination of the appendix.

This chapter reviews skin manifestations in common rheumatic diseases, particularly those with polyarthritis, and offers a differential diagnosis of erythema nodosum without presenting new research findings.

This review reports that combining adipose-derived stem cells with decellularized extracellular matrix enhances tissue repair by improving scaffold biological activity and promoting angiogenesis, integration, and functional regeneration across various tissues, while addressing challenges in traditional transplantation methods.

This study found that for anterior cervical discectomy fusion in patients with degenerative cervical disc disease, the PEEK cage resulted in greater pain reduction, while the dynamic cervical implant maintained a slightly better range of motion.

This case report describes an adolescent female with a linear array of trichoepitheliomas on her left neck, highlighting the clinical presentation of this benign tumor.

The study found that balding scalps have more thin hairs and larger oil glands, which might contribute to skin conditions related to hair loss.

This case study reports that a 15-year-old male with multiple autoimmune conditions showed significant improvement in skin and gastrointestinal symptoms, along with hair regrowth, after 16 weeks of treatment with the JAK-1 inhibitor upadacitinib, demonstrating its potential in managing complex autoimmune disorders.

In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, researchers found that alopecia is more prevalent in younger patients, with alopecia areata and lichen planopilaris being the most common types among noncicatricial and cicatricial cases, respectively; additionally, thyroid abnormalities were frequently associated with both types of alopecia.

This article shares a case of Satoyoshi syndrome that was misdiagnosed as vitamin D-dependent rickets for several years.

In this report, a unique female presentation of IFAP syndrome is described, featuring musculoskeletal contractures but no photophobia, highlighting the importance of early detection and multidisciplinary care to improve outcomes and prevent disability.

This case report details a Taiwanese woman with scleredema adultorum and diabetes mellitus experiencing loss of eccrine glands, which led to frequent heat strokes and anhidrosis despite treatment.

The authors concluded that thymoma-associated paraneoplastic syndrome in cats may manifest as noninflammatory alopecia instead of exfoliative dermatitis, and should be considered when diagnosing multifocal noninflammatory alopecia.

Skin-associated cartilage cells can influence hair growth by altering specific signaling pathways.

This case report describes a 58-year-old man with pretibial myxedema and hyperthyroidism, highlighting his cardiac symptoms, exophthalmos, weight loss, and specific dermatological findings over the last four years.

This study reveals that β-catenin and retinoic acid are key regulators in the gene networks controlling the fate of skin appendages, such as scales and feathers.

This study investigated cutaneous manifestations in thyroid disorder patients, finding that hypothyroid patients commonly experienced dry skin (67.83%) while warm skin (93.3%) and increased sweating prevailed in hyperthyroid patients, with urticaria being the most common autoimmune association among both groups.

This article reports on a case where a 26-year-old woman with acromegaloidism was found to have X-tetrasomy, suggesting it should be considered in differential diagnoses due to its potential impact on growth-related genes.

A case study reported a 15-year-old boy with a diagnosis of giant folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma on his right buttock, characterized by malformed hair follicles and sclerotized collagen.

Fox Fordyce disease might be more common in prepubertal girls than thought and can be managed with treatment.

This case report describes a patient with a rare combination of imperfect osteogenesis and Escobar syndrome, highlighting the genetic complexity and clinical manifestations of these conditions.

This case study suggests that atrichia with papular lesions associated with common variable immunodeficiency may follow an autosomal-dominant inheritance pattern, differing from previous reports of autosomal recessive inheritance.

This study demonstrates a varied distribution of keratins in the epidermis of the Malayan pangolin, suggesting evolutionary adaptations related to their distinctive scales.

In this study, ALR was found to enhance both the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, potentially through specific signaling pathways.

This review discusses the interrelationship between the anterior pituitary's adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and the adrenal cortex, but reports no new experimental findings.

In this study, researchers found that girls aged 4-8 years with isolated premature thelarche had significantly advanced bone age, with obesity and elevated serum IGF-1 SDS and DHEAS SDS being key independent risk factors.

This article presents a case of primary adrenal localization of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a 70-year-old woman, detailing her diagnosis and treatment, with no signs of recurrent disease after polychemotherapy and radiotherapy.

This review discusses the skin conditions associated with endocrine diseases in children and adolescents, emphasizing their importance in early diagnosis and treatment, but presents no new clinical findings.

Both bone donor sites had low long-term issues and high patient satisfaction.

In this study, activation of Tgr5 was found to improve alopecia areata and bone microstructure in mice by down-regulating the JAK1-STAT3 signaling pathway.