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This review covers the structure, development, cycle, and molecular regulation of hair follicles but does not report new results, aiming to offer insights for addressing hair follicle-related diseases.

In this study, adding CCL2 protein to organoid cultures helped adult skin cells regain the ability to self-organize and regenerate hair follicles, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.

Fibroblasts are crucial in scar formation and wound healing, with potential therapies aiming for scarless healing.

This review discusses the role of macrophages in chronic wound healing and suggests that understanding their regulation can inform therapeutic approaches, but it reports no new results.

This review examines mesenchymal stem cell therapy as a promising alternative for end-stage liver disease, discussing completed clinical trials and highlighting challenges that must be addressed before clinical application.

In this study, conditioned medium from genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved wound healing, re-epithelialization, hair follicle formation, and angiogenesis in diabetic mice, suggesting a promising new approach for diabetic ulcer care.

This study summarizes the role and potential applications of stem cell exosomes in skin and bone healing, highlighting their regenerative capabilities and suggesting innovative delivery methods like nanoliposomes and hydrogels to improve bioavailability and therapeutic outcomes.

This study critically reviewed recent evidence (2020–2025) on treatments like platelet-rich plasma, photobiomodulation, stem cells, and exosomes for androgenetic alopecia, finding emerging but limited efficacy data and emphasizing the need for standardized protocols to enhance transparency and patient safety.

This review found that exosome use in aesthetic plastic surgery shows promise in areas like skin rejuvenation and hair restoration, with laboratory studies indicating enhanced outcomes, but clinical evidence remains largely anecdotal, and no exosome-based products have FDA approval.

This review explores the complex, context-dependent roles of tumor-secreted proteins and suggests that some proteins traditionally seen as tumor-promotive may act as tumor-suppressors in different environments, emphasizing the influence of cell fitness and treatment exposure.

This review discusses the potential of peptide-based hydrogels as biomaterials for treating chronic wounds and reports no new clinical findings.

This narrative review synthesizes findings suggesting that exosomes show promise for dermatological and regenerative applications, with early human studies indicating acceptable safety and potential benefits for wound care, rejuvenation, and alopecia, though clinical and regulatory development is still in its infancy.

This review discusses the dual role of extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting their potential in both exacerbating and alleviating the condition, and emphasizes the need for advanced technologies to enhance diagnosis and treatment.

This review examined 40 studies on exosome-based therapies for alopecia areata, reporting significant hair regrowth and improvements in hair count, length, and thickness, but highlighted the need for standardized methodologies and robust RCTs before clinical application.

This review highlights that unresolved inflammation is a major issue in diabetic foot ulcers and discusses emerging biomaterials-based strategies to modulate the inflammatory response, potentially aiding in tissue regeneration and healing in these chronic wounds.

This study found that hollow polydopamine nanoparticles enhanced the regenerative potency of the peptide RL-QN15, suggesting potential for improved therapeutic approaches in skin wound healing.

This study investigated dermal fibroblasts in mouse skin using single-cell RNA sequencing and identified signaling pathways that influence adipogenesis, finding that IL-1-NF-κB promotes, while WNT-β-catenin inhibits, the adipogenic potential of these cells, with implications for wound healing and scar formation.

This review discusses mesenchymal stromal cell-conditioned medium for various skin conditions and found improvements in wound healing, hair restoration, and more, but emphasizes the need for further research to validate these findings.

This review discusses recent preclinical strategies for enhancing mesenchymal stem cell delivery to ischemic cardiac and peripheral tissues but reports no clinical results.

This review discusses surgical approaches and new advancements in sternum reconstruction, emphasizing innovative techniques and materials, but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, xenobiotic-free human multipotent adult progenitor cells were found to improve wound vascularization and healing in mice, suggesting potential applicability for clinical use in humans.

This study found that a conditioned medium from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells cultured in a gelatin sponge significantly enhanced hair growth and promoted skin angiogenesis in a mouse model, more effectively than a monolayer culture.

This review describes various in vitro and ex vivo hair follicle models used to study hair growth and regeneration and explores their potential for developing hair loss treatments, but it does not report new results.

This study demonstrated that engineered exosomes carrying EGF and FGF restored hair density and follicle integrity in an androgenetic alopecia mouse model by reactivating hair follicle growth factors, offering a novel therapeutic approach without immunogenic reactions or systemic toxicity.

This review highlights the lack of a comprehensive synthesis of stem cell therapy research by categorizing current studies according to medical specialty and stem cell type, while analyzing their advantages and limitations across various medical disciplines.

This review discusses current and emerging therapies for androgenetic alopecia, emphasizing regenerative treatments and nanotechnology advancements, but it reports no new clinical results.

This study highlights multiple factors contributing to hair graying, such as oxidative damage, melanocyte changes, and genetic influences, and suggests that repigmentation may be temporarily reversible, offering potential targets for future treatments while urging caution when applying mouse model findings to humans.

This review examined mechanisms regulating muscle repair, highlighting disruptions in aging and chronic diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy and diabetes. It noted that chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction hinder effective regeneration and discussed emerging therapies, suggesting multi-target approaches could be promising despite limited clinical evidence.

This review discusses the potential of bacterial extracellular vesicles in regenerative medicine, highlighting their advantages in addressing current EV challenges, and provides strategies for optimizing their preparation; it reports no new clinical results.

Fibroblast bioelectric signaling can promote hair growth and may help treat hair loss.