The Sternum Reconstruction: Present and Future Perspectives

The document reviewed advancements in sternum reconstruction, emphasizing the importance of maintaining chest wall stability and the use of multidisciplinary teams to tailor procedures. It discussed the evolution from traditional materials like polymethyl methacrylate and polytetrafluoroethylene, which posed infection risks, to innovative approaches such as titanium plates and 3D-printed prostheses for personalized reconstructions. Regenerative medicine, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and stromal vascular fraction (SVF), showed promise in promoting tissue regeneration and long-term healing. Despite these advancements, challenges such as high costs and complications in patients with severe comorbidities persisted. The document highlighted the potential of allogenic sternal allografts and MSCs in future strategies, while emphasizing the need for soft tissue coverage to ensure satisfactory long-term results.