Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine

The document reviewed the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine, emphasizing their ability to differentiate into various cell types and their immunological properties that prevent graft rejection. MSCs were explored for applications in tissue engineering, particularly in musculoskeletal, nervous, cardiac, and liver tissue regeneration. Despite limited effectiveness, outcomes were promising, especially in reconstructing fragile tissues. Challenges such as differentiation efficiency, tumorigenicity, and the need for standardized culture protocols were noted. The review highlighted the need for further research to optimize MSC-based therapies and develop commercial products, with promising preclinical and clinical outcomes suggesting significant potential across multiple regenerative applications.