June 2025 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study reviewed clinical trials on JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata, finding them effective for short-term hair regrowth with a favorable safety profile, but noted limited data on long-term risks like malignancies or cardiovascular events beyond two years.
June 2026 in “Value in Health”
9 citations
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January 2023 in “Dermatology and therapy” This case report describes a 14-year-old girl with alopecia universalis and mild atopic dermatitis who achieved complete hair regrowth and eczema resolution after three months of treatment with the JAK1 inhibitor upadacitinib.
November 2023 in “Dermatologica sinica/Zhōnghuá pífūkē yīxué zázhì” In this case report, upadacitinib was used to treat a 21-year-old female with severe alopecia areata, resulting in significant hair regrowth; however, rapid hair loss recurred soon after discontinuing the drug, illustrating its potential efficacy as well as the risk of relapse upon stopping treatment.
November 2011 in “Nature Clinical Practice Urology” This article reviews the use of 5alpha-reductase inhibitors for managing benign prostatic hyperplasia and reports no new clinical results.
July 2018 in “Our Dermatology Online” In this study, researchers examined the under-studied mechanisms behind specific dermatological phenomena such as co-localization, Wolf's isotopic phenomenon, Koebner's isomorphic phenomenon, and the recently described Renbök phenomenon, noting that only a few cases have been reported so far.
February 2024 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This study suggests that 5α-reductase inhibitors do not significantly affect male reproductive function but may require caution in men with oligospermia or ejaculatory issues.
18 citations
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January 2001 in “Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry” This chapter reviews selective androgen receptor modulators, discussing their therapeutic potential beyond current androgen applications, and reports no new clinical findings.
April 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, exposure to ARBs, ACE inhibitors, and thiazides was associated with an increased risk of various skin cancers, including melanoma and nonmelanoma types, highlighting potential clinical implications for antihypertensive treatment choices.
12 citations
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December 2012 in “Current Drug Targets” The Androgen Receptor could be a target for treating diseases like cancer, but more research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of potential treatments.
3 citations
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July 2025 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This study reported that patients with alopecia areata treated with ritlecitinib in a real-life setting had a higher rate of positive response on the Severity of Alopecia Tool score compared to those in the ALLEGRO trial.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Upadacitinib effectively treats pyoderma gangrenosum.
5 citations
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August 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” In this study, upadacitinib was reported as effective in rapidly treating psoriasiform eczema in five male patients and showed varying degrees of effectiveness on other immune-mediated comorbidities like alopecia areata, vitiligo, ulcerative colitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa.
13 citations
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January 2017 in “Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” This study found that a synthetic avicequinone C analogue, 5e, was significantly more potent in inhibiting steroid 5α-reductase type 1 activity in human keratinocytes compared to the original isolated compound.
March 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” 42 citations
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August 2016 in “Nanomedicine” In this study, TyroSpheres were used to encapsulate adapalene, increasing its solubility and enhancing skin distribution while reducing irritancy compared to a commercial formulation, indicating promise for acne treatment in ex vivo and in vitro settings.
April 2026 in “Communications Biology” In this study of Danioninae species, researchers reported that the presence of breeding tubercles on the pectoral fins is conserved in certain species and linked to local androgen conversion, with steroid 5-α-reductase playing a crucial role in their development.
April 1992 in “Current opinion in therapeutic patents” This study reports the development of novel 4-amido-Δ4,6-steroids as potential inhibitors of 5α-reductase, showing promising in vitro results for conditions like acne and benign prostatic cancer.
January 2009 in “Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This study suggests that variations in CAG repeat numbers in the androgen receptor gene may not significantly influence the risk of androgenetic alopecia in Korean males.
11 citations
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October 2018 in “Pediatric dermatology” In this case report, the authors describe a child with treatment-resistant alopecia areata who successfully responded to leflunomide and anthralin, proposing this combination as a potentially cost-effective alternative for managing recalcitrant cases by possibly inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway.
28 citations
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October 2024 in “Advanced Materials” This study reports that a new artificial skin system using multi-layered hydrogels can promote scarless wound healing and regenerate appendages like hair follicles without cell transplantation.
11 citations
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October 2021 in “Orphanet journal of rare diseases” This study found that patients with RASopathies have lower serum IgA and CD8 levels compared to controls, indicating a potential risk for developing autoimmune disorders.
50 citations
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July 2021 in “Nature Communications” This study found that the antiandrogen drug enzalutamide reduced TMPRSS2 levels and significantly decreased SARS-CoV-2 entry and infection in lung cells, supporting further clinical trials for COVID-19 treatment.
August 2025 in “Nutrients” This study found that Ageratum conyzoides extract enhanced hair growth in mice and human follicle cells, showing potential for hormonal modulation, pathway activation, and antioxidant protection; however, further clinical studies are needed to confirm efficacy in humans.
1 citations
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November 2025 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This study reports that long-term treatment with ritlecitinib is generally well tolerated for up to approximately five years in patients aged 12 and older with alopecia areata, with the safety profile aligning with previous data from the ALLEGRO clinical trials.
January 2024 in “Wiadomości Lekarskie” This study found that in prodromal Alzheimer's disease, pro-inflammatory gut bacteria were associated with reduced cerebral blood flow and reactivity, while beneficial gut bacteria correlated with better outcomes.
2 citations
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June 2024 in “Frontiers in Plant Science” This study found that RALF peptides, through liquid-liquid phase separation, form condensates with pectin and other proteins, playing a pivotal role in plant development and stress response regulation.
This study investigated the potential mechanisms of Curcuma aeruginosa in treating androgenetic alopecia and identified 66 bioactive compounds interacting with proteins involved in the disorder, suggesting its involvement in hormone response and specific signaling pathways.
January 2004 in “Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy” This study explored the solubility and crystal structure of GI197111X, a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor for androgenetic alopecia, finding its solubility in Capmul MCM suitable for a soft gel dosage form.
1 citations
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April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Abatacept may help some people with alopecia areata regrow hair.