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Genetic defects and UV radiation cause skin damage and aging.

Tretinoin gel is safe for sun exposure, but tacalcitol doesn't significantly improve non-segmental vitiligo.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

The document concludes that developing generic topical drugs requires ensuring they match the original in quality, composition, and structure, and often involves complex testing and regulatory steps.

Eating disorders like anorexia and bulimia cause skin problems, and dermatologists can help detect these disorders early for better treatment outcomes.

FGF signaling is a promising target for developing treatments for wounds, metabolic diseases, and cancer.

Antidepressants may improve or resolve scalp dysesthesia in most patients.

PPAR agonists show promise for skin conditions but need more research before being a main treatment.

Long-term finasteride use doesn't change bone density or metabolism.

Gonadal dysgenesis, like Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes, negatively affects bone health, but hormone treatments can help.

Low-dose UVB light improves hair growth effects of certain stem cells by increasing reactive oxygen species.

Thyroid hormones are important for skin health and changes in them can affect conditions like hair loss and eczema.

Photodynamic therapy is the preferred treatment for skin precancer due to its effectiveness and safety.

Niacin derivatives may increase hair fullness in women with hair loss.

Dupilumab for atopic dermatitis may cause new or worsen existing alopecia areata.

People with Inflammatory Bowel Disease often lose hair due to stress, medication side effects, or lack of nutrients, and treatment depends on the specific cause.

A boy's growth and immune problems were caused by a new mutation in the STAT5B gene.

Liposomes improve the delivery and effectiveness of cosmetic ingredients but face challenges like cost and stability.

A specific microRNA, chi-miR-30b-5p, slows down the growth of hair-related cells by affecting the CaMKIIδ gene in cashmere goats.

Proper diet management is crucial for phenylketonuria patients to avoid severe health issues.

Giving dihydrotachysterol to mother rats caused skin hardening and bone issues in their babies through milk.

Too much zinc in the diet can cause hair loss and color change in young mice by reducing copper in the body.

Topical L-thyroxine may help with wound healing and hair growth but should be used short-term due to potential risks.

The document concludes that doctors should carefully consider off-label drug use in dermatology and always inform patients, while more research is needed on the safety and effectiveness of such practices.

A woman's total hair loss was linked to a Borrelia infection and was reversed with appropriate treatment.

Damaged hair follicles make mice more prone to skin inflammation and skin cancer after UV exposure.

A substance called sodium zinc dihydrolipoylhistidinate can significantly reduce hair loss caused by chemotherapy in rats.

Cytochrome P-450 enzymes in the skin help break down various substances and could be targeted to treat skin conditions.

Western diet may cause male pattern baldness; low glycemic diet with magnesium could help.

The document concludes that various childhood hair and nail disorders exist, some may improve on their own, and advances in genetics and immunology could enhance treatment and counseling.