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This study presented a new algorithm and camera-based system that successfully reconstruct high-quality, 3D representations of facial hair and underlying skin surfaces even in dense regions like eyebrows.

In this study, researchers used a 3D printing technique to spatially pattern human dermal papilla cell spheroids in a collagen matrix, enhancing skin and hair regeneration in a mouse model, with notable upregulation of key genes for hair follicle formation compared to traditional cell cultures.

This study developed 3DEEP, a tissue clearing and spatial transcriptomic method, to map hair follicle development in a single time point from a 12-hour-old mouse, detailing molecular stages, signaling dynamics, and structural changes within developing follicles.

This study reports that incorporating Lef-1 transfected dermal papilla cells into human skin equivalents significantly promoted hair follicle differentiation and hair fiber growth, offering a potential advancement for managing skin loss.

This study presented 3D images of human dermis, revealing fewer elastic fibers near hair follicles compared to other regions, which may aid future skin engineering efforts.

In this study, researchers developed a 3D in vitro model using decellularized Dupuytren’s disease tissue seeded with patient-derived fibroblasts, providing a platform to test antifibrotic therapies like minoxidil and demonstrating more complex drug responses than traditional 2D cultures.

This review article summarizes recent advancements in biomimetic scaffolds, highlighting their promise in tissue engineering and personalized medicine, particularly for skin and musculoskeletal system regeneration, while emphasizing the need for more extensive research to ensure their safety for human use.

This study found that applying both dehydrothermal treatment and carbodiimide crosslinking improved the mechanical properties of porcine acellular dermal matrix scaffolds without added cytotoxicity, suggesting potential applications in tissue engineering.

This study developed a biomimetic 3-D co-culture system that enhances the hair-inductive properties of human dermal papilla cell aggregates, potentially improving hair follicle tissue engineering.

This review discusses advances in 3D bioengineering technologies for regenerating complex oral organs and suggests they could play a key role in future organ replacement therapy.

This study developed a 3D bioprinted skin model to mimic pemphigus vulgaris, providing a tool to study disease mechanisms and test targeted therapies by reproducing the architecture and pathogenic disruptions of native skin.

This study found that mesenchymal progenitor cells from human hair roots seeded onto polymer scaffolds stimulated the production of mineralized proteins, enhancing bone-like structures, with optimal results at a pore size of 35 µm.

This study developed a 3D engineered hair follicle model that mimics the native hair bulb and may aid in drug screening for hair growth therapies.

This review highlights the global efforts and challenges in 3D bioprinting for developing skin substitutes, emphasizing the need for standardized protocols to enhance reproducibility and clinical applicability in wound healing and regeneration.

This project report reviews six experimental 3D bioprinting methods for cultivating artificial hair follicles, noting significant challenges such as method complexity, low output, and delayed approval for human trials, while proposing a potential solution for creating a permanent hair system on the scalp.

This review analyzes granted patents for skin bioinks for 3D skin bioprinting from 2017 to 2022 and reports no new clinical results.

This study demonstrated that PEGDA hydrogel microwells successfully supported cell survival and proliferation while mimicking hair follicle architecture in vitro, suggesting a potential tool for hair follicle engineering.

This study developed a 3D-printed scaffold for diabetic wound repair, which showed potential in a mouse model by reducing inflammation, promoting blood vessel regeneration, enhancing skin hydration, and accelerating wound healing through nitric oxide and gallium ion release, oxidative stress modulation, and antioxidant pathway activation.

This study found that extracellular vesicles derived from 3D cultures of cervical cancer cells have small RNA profiles more similar to those in patient plasma than those from 2D cultures.

This study observed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultured in three-dimensionally bioprinted hydrogels with higher stiffness, like 3A8G, tend to differentiate more into hair follicle cells compared to those in less stiff hydrogels, like 1A4G.

This study found that using 3D dermal papilla spheroid models enhances extracellular matrix production and hair follicle marker expression, providing insights into hair follicle biology and potential for drug screening.

3D ultrasound can detect hair follicle changes and disease phases in alopecia areata.

This study found that a 3D wound model, the 3DWoundSE, showed improved responsiveness to injury and cytotoxic stimuli compared to an intact 3D skin equivalent, offering a reproducible and ethical alternative to animal models for early wound response assessment in dermatological research and drug development.

This study achieved a first by successfully forming large quantities of dermal papilla spheroidal microtissues, which retained their hair induction potential, using a micropatterned culture system.

This study reviewed the use of 3D printing and bioprinting for tympanic membrane repair, comparing them with traditional materials and noting their clinical significance, while highlighting the need for further analysis of bio-ink selection strategies involving biopolymers, cells, and drugs.

This study found that 3D cultured hair follicle-like constructs, which include keratinocytes and dermal papilla cells, showed improved gene expression and cell interactions relevant to hair follicle development.

This study demonstrated that a mechanical-assisted post-bioprinting strategy significantly increased cell numbers and enhanced regenerative capabilities in hollow hydrogel-based scaffolds for bone defect repair in vivo.

This review discusses how combining single-cell RNA sequencing and 3D bioprinting is advancing skin tissue engineering by enhancing cellular-level precision and addressing challenges like vascularization, ultimately improving regenerative outcomes and therapeutic strategies.

Corrections were made to a previous work on 3D printing a gel-alginate mix for creating hair follicles, but the main finding - that this method can help grow hair - remains the same.