Bone-Forming Cells with Pronounced Spread into the Third Dimension in Polymer Scaffolds Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization

This study introduced a bioengineering platform that creates early-stage hair peg-like structures within tissue-engineered skin substitutes by integrating human keratinocytes and dermal papilla cells with laser-micropatterned collagen scaffolds, providing a foundation for future appendage-inclusive skin regeneration efforts.

This study observed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultured in three-dimensionally bioprinted hydrogels with higher stiffness, like 3A8G, tend to differentiate more into hair follicle cells compared to those in less stiff hydrogels, like 1A4G.

This study achieved a first by successfully forming large quantities of dermal papilla spheroidal microtissues, which retained their hair induction potential, using a micropatterned culture system.