TLDR CK 15, follistatin, and Bmi-1 can help differentiate basal cell carcinoma from squamous cell carcinoma.
The study evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of CK15, CK19, follistatin, and Bmi-1 in 20 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 13 cases of trichoblastoma, 21 cases of actinic keratosis (AK), and 19 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Results showed that CK15, follistatin, and Bmi-1 had significantly higher labeling indexes in BCC and trichoblastoma compared to AK and SCC, suggesting that BCC and trichoblastoma share differentiation towards the hair follicle. CK15, follistatin, and Bmi-1 were proposed as useful markers to differentiate BCC from SCC.
62 citations
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April 2009 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Epidermal stem cells could lead to new treatments for skin and hair disorders.
39 citations
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March 2008 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” GLI2 increases follistatin production in human skin cells.
550 citations
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December 2005 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Researchers successfully isolated and identified key markers of stem cell-enriched human hair follicle bulge cells.
121 citations
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December 2001 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” TB and BCC tumors show similar follicular differentiation patterns.
107 citations
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May 1999 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Basal cell carcinoma may start from parts of tiny hair follicles.
133 citations
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March 1999 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” Trichoepitheliomas and some basal cell carcinomas likely come from hair follicle stem cells.
441 citations
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May 1996 in “Journal of Cell Science” Keratin 19 helps identify skin stem cells, with its presence varying by body location, age, and culture stage.
50 citations
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July 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology” 138 citations
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March 2007 in “Experimental cell research” Only a few hair-specific keratins are linked to inherited hair disorders.
276 citations
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January 2005 in “International review of cytology” More research is needed to understand how hair keratins work and their role in hair disorders.
January 2004 in “Enshou saisei” Follistatin is important for hair growth and could help treat hair loss.
199 citations
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January 2004 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” Hair follicle growth and development are controlled by specific genes and molecular signals.
29 citations
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April 2003 in “Experimental dermatology” Human hair follicles grown in vitro maintain normal keratin patterns and structure.
175 citations
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January 1995 in “Birkhäuser Basel eBooks” Human hair growth and structure are influenced by keratin proteins, genes, melanin, and lipids.
