Characterization of Human KAP24.1, A Cuticular Hair Keratin-Associated Protein with Unusual Amino Acid Composition and Repeat Structure

January 2007 in “ The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology ”

Michael A. Rogers, Hermelita Winter, Lutz Langbein, Anke Wollschläger, Silke Praetzel-Wunder, Luis F Jave-Suárez, Jürgen Schweizer

KAP24.1 keratin-associated protein serine proline tyrosine cysteine hair cuticle hair structure hair integrity keratin hair protein

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Studysummary This study identified a novel keratin-associated protein, KAP24.1, which is specifically expressed in the human scalp and located in the hair cuticle. Our plain-language summary of this paper — not a Tressless recommendation.

The study characterized KAP24.1, a novel keratin-associated protein found exclusively in human scalp hair, revealing its unique amino acid composition with high serine, proline, and tyrosine but low cysteine content. KAP24.1 featured distinctive carboxyterminal tyrosine-containing tandem decameric repeats and was distinct from other KAP family members. Expression studies confirmed its specific localization in the middle/upper hair cuticle, suggesting a specialized role in hair structure and integrity.

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research Human Hair Keratin-Associated Proteins: Sequence Regularities and Structural Implications

52 citations , May 2006 in “Journal of Structural Biology”

This study identified two key pentapeptide quasi-repeats in human keratin-associated proteins, which are similar to motifs found in sheep wool.

research Human Hair Keratin-Associated Proteins

226 citations , January 2006 in “International review of cytology”

Keratin-associated proteins are crucial for hair strength and structure.

research Human KAP Genes: Only Half of It? Extensive Size Polymorphisms in Hair Keratin-Associated Protein Genes

53 citations , June 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This article reviews extensive genetic polymorphisms in the keratin-associated proteins of human hair, indicating complexity but reporting no new clinical results and calls for further research on their potential impact on hair structure.

research Expression of Novel Keratin-Associated Protein 5 Genes in the Cuticle Layer of Human Hair Follicles

6 citations , April 2005 in “Journal of dermatological science”

This study identified the expression sites of five KAP5 genes on human chromosome 11q13.5 in scalp skin sections but did not explore their detailed distribution within hair follicles.

research Keratins of the Human Hair Follicle

276 citations , January 2005 in “International review of cytology”

More research is needed to understand how hair keratins work and their role in hair disorders.

research Molecular Principles of Hair Follicle Induction and Morphogenesis

479 citations , January 2005 in “BioEssays”

This review introduces the morphological and molecular principles of hair follicle development but reports no new experimental results, focusing on recent insights and forming a working hypothesis.

research Identification of Two Novel Clusters of Ultrahigh-Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes on Human Chromosome 11

27 citations , April 2004 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

In this study, two novel clusters of keratin-associated protein genes on human chromosome 11 were analyzed, suggesting their products are crucial for hair formation due to preferential expression in hair roots.

research A Cluster of 21 Keratin-Associated Protein Genes Within Introns of Another Gene on Human Chromosome 21q22.3

34 citations , January 2004 in “Genomics”

In this study, researchers identified a cluster of hair-specific keratin-associated protein genes within the 21q22.3 region, revealing a novel transcription mechanism involving TSPEAR/C21orf29 that may bypass typical transcriptional termination sites.

research Hair Keratins And Hair Follicle-Specific Epithelial Keratins

31 citations , January 2004 in “Methods in cell biology”

Hair and follicle keratins differ in structure and expression, especially in cysteine content.

Hair Keratin Associated Proteins: Characterization of a Second High Sulfur KAP Gene Domain on Human Chromosome 21 in Fond Memory of Dr. Peter Steinert

research Hair Keratin Associated Proteins: Characterization of a Second High Sulfur KAP Gene Domain on Human Chromosome 21 in Fond Memory of Dr. Peter Steinert

62 citations , January 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study identified 16 novel high sulfur KAP genes and two KAP pseudogenes on chromosome 21q23, showing expression in a specific region of the hair fiber cuticle.

research Characterization of a First Domain of Human High Glycine-Tyrosine and High Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes on Chromosome 21q22.1

100 citations , December 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

This study identified a domain on human chromosome 21q22.1 containing various high glycine-tyrosine and high sulfur keratin-associated protein genes, revealing their diverse expression in hair-forming cells.

research The Catalog of Human Hair Keratins

272 citations , September 2001 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

This study cataloged human type II hair keratins, detailing their expression and differentiation roles in hair follicles and comparing them with type I keratins to explore keratin-pairing principles.

Characterization of a Cluster of Human High/Ultrahigh Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes Embedded in the Type I Keratin Gene Domain on Chromosome 17q12-21

research Characterization of a Cluster of Human High/Ultrahigh Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes Embedded in the Type I Keratin Gene Domain on Chromosome 17q12-21

98 citations , June 2001 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

This study identified a cluster of genes on chromosome 17 related to hair keratin-associated proteins, including 37 genes forming seven multigene families, localized in the hair shaft's upper cortex.

research Formation and Structure of Human Hair

175 citations , January 1995 in “Birkhäuser Basel eBooks”

This review examines the histochemistry and keratinization processes of human hair, exploring the structural roles of keratin proteins, protein chains, and lipids, but offers no new results.