Hair for Brain Trade-Off: A Metabolic Bypass for Encephalization

September 2014 in “ SpringerPlus ”

Yosef Dror, Michael Hopp

hair loss encephalization amino acids sialic acid calcium ion flux mutation

Studysummary This study suggests that hair loss was a metabolic adaptation allowing hominids to evolve larger brains by alleviating dietary restrictions on essential amino acids for hair and brain development.

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Research cited in this study

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research Characterization of Hairless (Hr) and FGF5 Genes Provides Insights into the Molecular Basis of Hair Loss in Cetaceans

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This study found that as Korean women age, their hair density, diameter, tensile strength, and lustre decline, while grey hair ratio and certain sterol contents increase, suggesting unique ageing features compared to women in other countries.

research Hair Loss in Women: Comprehensive Overview and Treatment Options

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This review discusses the classifications, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies for female pattern hair loss, but reports no clinical results.

research Characterization of Human KAP24.1, A Cuticular Hair Keratin-Associated Protein with Unusual Amino Acid Composition and Repeat Structure

51 citations , January 2007 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study identified a novel keratin-associated protein, KAP24.1, which is specifically expressed in the human scalp and located in the hair cuticle.

research Protective Effects of Taurine on Human Hair Follicle Grown In Vitro

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This study found that taurine uptake by isolated human hair follicles promoted hair survival and protected against TGF-β1-induced damage in an in vitro setting.

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224 citations , March 2006 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery”

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research The Lack of Significant Changes in Scalp Hair Follicle Density With Advancing Age

33 citations , April 2005 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

This study found that age and follicular miniaturization were extremely weak predictors of total hair count in women with hair loss.

research Identification of Two Novel Clusters of Ultrahigh-Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes on Human Chromosome 11

27 citations , April 2004 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

In this study, two novel clusters of keratin-associated protein genes on human chromosome 11 were analyzed, suggesting their products are crucial for hair formation due to preferential expression in hair roots.

research Comparative Genomics of the Keratin-Associated Protein Gene Clusters in Human, Chimpanzee, and Baboon

8 citations , March 2004 in “Mammalian genome”

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research Hair Follicle Differentiation And Regulation

199 citations , January 2004 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology”

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Hair Keratin Associated Proteins: Characterization of a Second High Sulfur KAP Gene Domain on Human Chromosome 21 in Fond Memory of Dr. Peter Steinert

research Hair Keratin Associated Proteins: Characterization of a Second High Sulfur KAP Gene Domain on Human Chromosome 21 in Fond Memory of Dr. Peter Steinert

62 citations , January 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study identified 16 novel high sulfur KAP genes and two KAP pseudogenes on chromosome 21q23, showing expression in a specific region of the hair fiber cuticle.

research Human Hair: A Unique Physicochemical Composite

203 citations , June 2003 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

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research HKAP1.6 And HKAP1.7, Two Novel Human High Sulfur Keratin-Associated Proteins Are Expressed In The Hair Follicle Cortex

24 citations , February 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

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Characterization of a Cluster of Human High/Ultrahigh Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes Embedded in the Type I Keratin Gene Domain on Chromosome 17q12-21

research Characterization of a Cluster of Human High/Ultrahigh Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes Embedded in the Type I Keratin Gene Domain on Chromosome 17q12-21

98 citations , June 2001 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

This study identified a cluster of genes on chromosome 17 related to hair keratin-associated proteins, including 37 genes forming seven multigene families, localized in the hair shaft's upper cortex.

research The Biology of Hair Follicles

1113 citations , August 1999 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

This article discusses the biologic and psychosocial significance of hair, the current limitations in hair growth drugs, and anticipates future therapies based on advancing hair follicle research.

research Isolation and Characterization of Genomic Clones of Human Sequences Presumably Coding for Hair Cysteine-Rich Proteins

11 citations , January 1997 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

This study identified a human sequence likely coding for a new ultra-high sulphur protein, which may aid in understanding hair differentiation and the molecular basis of human trichothiodystrophy.

research Human Hair Keratins

90 citations , July 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This article reviews the molecular characteristics of human hair keratins, noting their distinct classification from epidermal keratins and the variability in expression that may occur without noticeable hair changes, but reports no new study results.

research Serine-Rich Ultra High Sulfur Protein Gene Expression in Murine Hair and Skin During the Hair Cycle

26 citations , December 1990 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

In this study, elevated mRNA levels for serine-rich ultra high sulfur proteins were observed during active hair growth phases in mice, particularly in the forming hair structures and upper skin layers.

research Structure and Expression of Genes for a Class of Cysteine-Rich Proteins of the Cuticle Layers of Differentiating Wool and Hair Follicles

67 citations , December 1990 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology”

This study identified two evolutionarily conserved ultra-high-sulfur keratin proteins in human and sheep hair follicles, which are specifically expressed in the hair cuticle during the late stages of fiber development.