This narrative review concludes that long-term randomized controlled trials are needed to establish clear guidelines for testosterone therapy in women, given the lack of FDA-approved formulations and the variable quality of current treatments.
78 citations
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May 1989 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This study found that in hirsute women, daily treatment with 200 mg spironolactone significantly reduced hair growth rates and hair shaft diameters on various body areas over 12 months.
20 citations
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December 1994 in “Fertility and sterility” In this study, treatment with flutamide combined with a low-dose oral contraceptive significantly improved hirsutism in women with polycystic ovarian disease who did not respond to oral contraceptive treatment alone.
December 2015 in “Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome” This study observed that treatment with inositol, in various doses based on BMI, led to significant reductions in hair loss and symptoms of hyperandrogenism in patients with androgenetic alopecia.
44 citations
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January 2002 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This review discusses adverse cutaneous drug reactions associated with antidepressants and provides guidance on managing these reactions, but it reports no new clinical findings; the authors recommend cautious use and alternative treatment if reactions occur.
11 citations
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April 2020 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” This study found that combining oral isotretinoin with topical treatments was more effective than topical treatments alone for improving frontal fibrosing alopecia symptoms, despite some side effects.
1 citations
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December 2023 in “Revista médica de Chile” This review examines the dermatologic side effects of lithium, noting it can cause or worsen skin conditions like psoriasis and acne, potentially affecting medication adherence, but reports no new clinical results.
58 citations
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April 2017 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” This study found that patients with post-finasteride syndrome exhibited major depressive disorder, severe erectile dysfunction, and neuropathy, alongside altered neuroactive steroid levels in cerebrospinal fluid.
January 2025 in “Dermatology and Therapy” This review updates dermatologists on both FDA-approved and off-label hormonal therapies, including combined oral contraceptives, clascoterone, and spironolactone, used for acne treatment, providing insights into emerging approaches for managing the condition.
October 2024 in “Journal of Neuroscience Research” In this study, researchers found that long-term treatment with 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors improved depression-like symptoms more effectively than a short-term treatment followed by withdrawal in d-galactose-induced senescent male rats, by reducing brain inflammation and oxidative stress.
Finasteride helps treat male hair loss but may lower sex drive.
1 citations
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September 2022 in “International Journal of Trichology” In this case report, a young adult male with resistant alopecia areata showed nearly 90% hair regrowth after 3 months of treatment with tofacitinib, alongside biotin supplementation, without any side effects observed.
4 citations
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June 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” In this pilot study, finasteride increased testosterone/dihydrotestosterone and progesterone/dihydroprogesterone ratios in normal ovulatory women but did not alter ovulation or gonadotropin secretion.
36 citations
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November 1995 in “Clinical endocrinology” This study found that a low dose of flutamide, both alone and combined with an oral contraceptive, effectively reduced hirsutism in women, with the combination showing more lasting effects post-treatment.
October 2012 in “European Neuropsychopharmacology” This study found that videoconferencing enabled reliable and consistent assessment of negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, demonstrating high interrater reliability among blinded independent raters.
August 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Finasteride, a hair loss drug, is linked to increased suicidal thoughts, particularly when used for hair loss.
3 citations
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November 2019 in “Journal of dermatology” This case report details the successful use of oral itraconazole in treating a giant tufted angioma with hair loss that developed during pregnancy, leading to significant symptom relief and hair regrowth after discontinuation of the medication.
18 citations
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November 2018 in “Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore” Sulfasalazine can cause severe allergic reactions leading to long-term autoimmune issues like hair loss and skin discoloration.
May 2008 in “10th European Congress of Endocrinology” This study discovered that TTR is expressed in the human placenta as early as 6 weeks gestation, with increased levels in the first trimester potentially facilitating thyroid hormone delivery to the fetus.
August 2023 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” This study found that combining letrozole with metformin was more effective at inducing pregnancy in women with PCOS compared to letrozole alone, while OCP and metformin significantly improved menstrual regularity and reduced hyperandrogenic symptoms.
4 citations
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July 2022 in “Medicina-lithuania” This study found that women with PCOS in Poland had higher anxiety and depression levels and lower ego-resiliency compared to healthy women, often using passive stress-coping strategies.
18 citations
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May 1988 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, itraconazole was reported to effectively alleviate clinical symptoms in patients with recalcitrant Trichophyton rubrum infections, though toenail infections often recurred, indicating the need for further research on long-term efficacy and safety.
4 citations
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June 1963 in “Archives of Dermatology” This article reviews alopecia treatment and reports a case where hair regrew rapidly with prednisolone, but fell out again after stopping the medication; no new results are presented.
September 2025 in “OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)” January 2004 in “Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)” This study found that finasteride blocked the progesterone-induced increase in spike-wave discharges in rats, suggesting that this effect of progesterone is mediated by its metabolite allopregnanolone.
4 citations
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January 2017 in “Acta Endocrinologica” This study found that both finasteride and metformin effectively reduced androgen levels and insulin resistance parameters in women with PCOS, without clear evidence of one treatment being superior.
5 citations
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November 2020 in “JAMA Dermatology” Finasteride may cause side effects; more research needed.
5 citations
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July 2021 in “medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study found that proxalutamide treatment significantly reduced 30-day hospitalization rates in women with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 compared to placebo, with no safety issues identified.
42 citations
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August 2012 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Finasteride reduces certain behaviors caused by D1-like receptor agonists but not by D2-like receptor agonists in mice.