277 citations
,
December 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review discusses the immunological basis and development of Janus kinase inhibitors for treating skin diseases and reports no new clinical findings.
83 citations
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June 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study observed that most pediatric patients with alopecia areata experienced some hair regrowth after treatment with topical JAK inhibitors, and the formulations were generally well-tolerated with mild lab abnormalities in some cases.
63 citations
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April 2018 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This review discusses the efficacy and safety of topical JAK inhibitors for inflammatory skin conditions, reporting modest benefits in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis but mixed results for vitiligo and inconclusive data for alopecia areata.
60 citations
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January 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that inhibiting PKC-β activity with bisindolylmaleimide reduces pigmentation in the skin and hair of guinea pigs and mice by preventing tyrosinase activation.
49 citations
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August 2018 in “International Journal of Dermatology” In this phase I study, partial hair regrowth was observed in patients with alopecia universalis using topical JAK inhibitors, though more research is needed to confirm potential as a treatment alternative to clobetasol.
September 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Topical tofacitinib helped a man with severe scalp condition after other treatments failed.
March 2017 in “Current dermatology reports” Topical JAK inhibitors can effectively treat alopecia areata and vitiligo by modulating immune responses.
9 citations
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February 2011 in “Biologics: Targets & Therapy” This review discusses topical calcineurin inhibitors for cutaneous lupus erythematosus and reports no new clinical findings; the authors emphasize the need for more comparative studies with corticosteroids.
1 citations
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April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that topical patidegib gel significantly shrank basal cell carcinomas in Gorlin syndrome patients without causing the systemic side effects common with oral hedgehog inhibitors.
1 citations
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November 2023 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This commentary discusses whether topical steroids or topical calcineurin inhibitors are better for treating scalp atrophy caused by steroid use in patients with scarring alopecia, but specific results or conclusions are not provided.
January 2016 in “Hair transplant forum international” Topical JAK inhibitors may help treat hair loss.
1 citations
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January 2019 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” This study observed that while both minoxidil and botanically-derived 5-alpha reductase inhibitors significantly increased hair count and diameter in women with female pattern hair loss, minoxidil was more effective, especially for greater hair diameter increases, but had more troublesome side effects.
September 1998 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Topical 5α-reductase inhibitor helps counteract hair loss and stabilize it.
3 citations
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June 2021 in “PLOS ONE” This study found that topical application of the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib improved wound healing and promoted hair follicle regeneration in a diabetic murine model.
1 citations
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April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that topical application of the HDAC1/3 inhibitor Vorinostat promoted hair regrowth in a mouse model of alopecia areata and influenced the hair cycle in normal mice.
34 citations
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February 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” In this study, the combination of finasteride and minoxidil significantly increased hair growth in balding male stumptail macaques compared to each drug alone.
January 2026 in “Open Science Framework” In this study, network meta-analyses were used to explore the ranking of various 5-alpha reductase inhibitor regimens on reducing dihydrotestosterone levels and to investigate whether this reduction correlates with increased total hair density in male androgenetic alopecia.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” In this study of women with frontal fibrosing alopecia, delgocitinib cream improved the molecular signature of lesions and demonstrated potential as a treatment, showing significant transcriptomic changes and some clinical improvements over 12 weeks compared to a cream vehicle.
April 2025 in “The Journal of Dermatology” This study provides initial insights into the use of JAK inhibitors for CTCL, reporting some cases of symptom improvement, but highlights the need for further research on their association with CTCL development and safety.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” ATR04-484 ointment shows promise for treating skin issues from cancer therapies.
48 citations
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November 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Tofacitinib 2% ointment helped hair regrow in 3 out of 10 patients with alopecia areata, but caused side effects like scalp irritation and raised cholesterol in some.
19 citations
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January 2012 in “Dermatology” This study describes three cases of acneiform eruptions from EGFR inhibitors that improved with topical recombinant human EGF, suggesting its potential as a treatment option for this side effect.
April 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study suggests that HDAC inhibitors, such as Vorinostat and Entinostat, could be effective in promoting hair regrowth in a mouse model of alopecia areata.
February 1996 in “Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics” MK-386 reduces sebum DHT levels.
8 citations
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February 2010 in “Journal of Dermatology” This study observed that a topical liposome formulation of a 5‐α‐reductase inhibitor effectively reduced the size of treated sebaceous glands and induced apoptosis in a hamster model, suggesting potential benefits for acne treatment.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that SM04755, a novel topical drug, inhibited inflammation, keratinocyte proliferation, and fibrosis in vitro and improved skin health in a mouse model of psoriasis, indicating potential as a topical psoriasis treatment.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 74 citations
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February 2018 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”
January 2025 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine” This study observed significant repigmentation in localized stable vitiligo lesions treated with oral baricitinib, with even more improvement when combined with topical tacrolimus, and reported no side effects.
May 2003 in “Hair transplant forum international” This review discusses the use of strontium in hair restoration, noting its effectiveness for managing post-operative itching but does not present new clinical results.