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This study found that a 400-mg dose of oral testosterone with dutasteride increases serum testosterone levels for 8–10 hours in hypogonadal men, with the nanomilled formulation unaffected by food, suggesting a practical twice-daily therapy option.

This study found that an oral testosterone formulation normalized serum testosterone levels and significantly reduced SHBG in men with experimentally induced hypogonadism after nine days of treatment, suggesting potential efficacy for testosterone deficiency.

This review examines existing research on transdermal testosterone for treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder, suggesting it improves female sexual function with minimal side effects but highlights the need for more long-term safety data.

This Mendelian randomization study reports that lifelong increased free testosterone in males was associated with improved bone mineral density and body composition but increased risks of prostate cancer, hypertension, and several other conditions.

This case study reports that low-dose testosterone therapy improved libido and sexual functions in a 36-year-old fragile X carrier female with hypoactive sexual desire disorder when monitored regularly for lab parameters.

This case report describes two transgender men using subdermal testosterone pellets for gender affirmation, finding they tolerated the treatment, but one returned to injections; firm conclusions on pellets' suitability require further study.

This study found that hair steroid analysis effectively detected increased hormone levels from both a single testosterone dose and laboratory-induced stress, revealing individual context factors like relationship status also impact hair hormone concentrations.

This study found that free testosterone levels were 29% higher with the levonorgestrel implant than with the DMPA injection, which may impact sexual function, mood, and side effects like acne.

This study found that hair testosterone concentrations show some consistency over time, but factors like hair washing and individual growth rates influence these levels, suggesting the need for careful sampling and analysis adjustments.

This study using Mendelian randomization suggests lifelong increased free testosterone in males may have beneficial effects such as increased bone mineral density and decreased body fat, but also increased risks of prostate cancer and hypertension.

This study reports that subcutaneous testosterone pellets in peri- and postmenopausal women provided sustained hormone release and potential benefits for sexual function, but raised concerns about safety, variability, and dosing inconsistencies.

This study found that a testosterone patch and gel showed bioequivalent testosterone levels in hypogonadal men, but the patch mimicked a natural circadian profile, while the gel resulted in higher dihydrotestosterone levels.

This study found that women with acne and oligomenorrhea have higher levels of biologically active testosterone compared to those with acne and normal menstrual cycles.

In this study using the TriNetX Research Network, men with low serum testosterone levels were found to have an increased risk of developing an initial kidney stone, particularly in those aged 33-44, compared to men with normal testosterone levels.

This study found that a regimen combining cyproterone acetate and testosterone buciclate induced reversible azoospermia in bonnet monkeys, highlighting its potential as an effective male contraceptive.

This study found that Tanshinone I and Tanshinone IIA from Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix inhibited Nox activity heightened by testosterone in a mouse model, reducing H₂O₂ production and cell apoptosis, and reversing testosterone-induced hair growth suppression, suggesting their potential as treatments for androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that administering testosterone increased the expression of sexual behavior and elevated serum testosterone and DHT levels in female capuchin monkeys, hinting at potential insights into testosterone use and its risks in humans.

This review discusses testosterone replacement therapy, highlighting that most studies report no increased myocardial infarction risk when the therapy is properly administered with controlled hormone levels; it calls for careful consideration despite insurance coverage challenges.

This study concluded that albumin-bound testosterone is biologically important and significantly contributes to testosterone bioavailability in women receiving spironolactone.

This study found that testosterone therapy in trans men increased facial and body hair growth while the prevalence and severity of acne peaked at 6 months but were primarily mild after long-term treatment.

This study found that testosterone replacement, with or without finasteride, did not lead to significant cognitive improvements over 36 months in healthy older men without prior cognitive impairment.

This case report describes a 70-year-old woman whose obstructive sleep apnea resolved after the removal of a testosterone-producing ovarian tumor, supporting the theory that testosterone influences OSA in women.

This study found that hair cortisol levels increase and testosterone levels decrease with obesity, suggesting that measuring hormones in hair may be a valuable tool in obesity research and clinical practice.

This review discusses the use of testosterone therapy for low libido in women, noting mixed evidence on breast cancer risk and a lack of long-term safety data.

High testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in hair could predict male-pattern baldness.

This study found that a low estrogen-containing oral contraceptive normalized hormone levels and improved symptoms in women with polycystic ovary disease, with minimal side effects reported.

This study found that transdermal testosterone significantly increased the frequency of satisfactory sexual events in women experiencing SSRI/SNRI-related loss of libido, but did not improve overall sexual self-rating scores.

This study found that the Transdermal Delivery System efficiently delivers testosterone systemically and showed bioequivalent hormone concentrations to a known topical gel in healthy males.

This study found that salivary testosterone concentrations correlated better with hirsutism in women compared to serum testosterone measures, suggesting it may be an effective method for assessing bioavailable testosterone.

This review discusses the dual role of testosterone in COVID-19 progression and suggests its importance in understanding the disease's mechanisms, highlighting the need for further targeted research.