103 citations
,
June 2006 in “British journal of sports medicine” This review discusses the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids in sports and outlines current methods for detecting urinary steroid doping, particularly testosterone, but reports no new experimental findings.
39 citations
,
January 2019 in “The World Journal of Men's Health” Testosterone replacement therapy can prevent men from fathering children and should not be used by those wanting to stay fertile.
21 citations
,
December 2012 in “Maturitas” This study observed significant inter- and intra-individual variability in serum testosterone levels among women treated with subcutaneous testosterone implants, suggesting that therapy should be guided by clinical response rather than single serum measurements.
20 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Womens Health” This guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for prescribing testosterone therapy to women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, noting a moderate therapeutic benefit but highlighting limited data and regulatory challenges.
17 citations
,
February 2019 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” This article reviews guidelines for testosterone replacement therapy in late-onset hypogonadism, emphasizing the need for clear indications and appropriate testing before treatment, but provides no new research findings.
12 citations
,
March 2017 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” This review discusses the limitations of serum androgen measurements in diagnosing and treating women with potential androgen-related disorders and the potential role of androgen replacement therapy for those with sexual interest/arousal disorders, reporting no new results.
5 citations
,
August 1987 in “Andrology” This study found that salivary testosterone levels were significantly lower in oligospermic and azoospermic men compared to normal men, suggesting its potential use in assessing male androgen status.
4 citations
,
January 2013 in “PubMed” In this study, testosterone and finasteride were found to increase insulin and zinc levels while decreasing chromium levels in male adult rats, suggesting potential effects on the glucose cycle.
3 citations
,
January 2018 in “Frontiers in bioscience” This retrospective analysis reported significant increases in testosterone levels in men with testosterone deficiency using the Daily Subcutaneous Testosterone method combined with hCG and anastrozole, indicating its potential as a treatment option.
2 citations
,
April 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” This review discusses the controversial cardiovascular safety and efficacy of subcutaneous testosterone therapy in postmenopausal women, noting that its long-term use appears safe, but CV risk assessments remain disputed.
This study found that hair and nails can effectively measure hormone changes such as testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone during the peripubertal period in dogs, with variations observed between males and females at specific developmental stages.
March 2026 in “Seven Editora eBooks” This study systematically reviewed the use of topical testosterone products such as creams, gels, and patches, finding they effectively raise serum testosterone but pose significant systemic risks like acne and gynecomastia, necessitating careful medical oversight.
506 citations
,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that testosterone therapy improved physical performance and strength in older men with low testosterone over 36 months, whether administered alone or with finasteride.
417 citations
,
February 2004 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that testosterone therapy increased bone mineral density in older men with low testosterone, and combining it with finasteride may reduce prostate enlargement associated with testosterone treatment.
122 citations
,
November 2014 in “BMC Medicine” This research observed that oral testosterone replacement therapy significantly increases cardiovascular risk, while effects of injected or transdermal therapy on cardiovascular risk were not significant, prompting further investigation into these methods.
81 citations
,
May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” This review discusses the safety of testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women and concludes that, aside from hirsutism and acne, it appears safe at physiological doses for several years, though more long-term studies are needed.
78 citations
,
August 2017 in “Endocrine Reviews” This review discusses the free hormone hypothesis for measuring "free" testosterone and critiques its theoretical basis and clinical application, noting it lacks critical empirical testing and has inconsistent utility in assessing androgen status.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” This article discusses the potential effects of exogenous testosterone, highlighting that its impact on prostate cancer progression, cardiovascular health, and behavior remains uncertain and needs further investigation.
64 citations
,
August 1999 in “The American journal of medicine” This study found that while a transscrotal testosterone patch increases serum testosterone levels in hypogonadal men with AIDS and weight loss, it does not improve weight, body cell mass, or quality of life.
50 citations
,
May 2018 in “International journal of cardiology” This study found associations between genetic predictors of increased testosterone and cardiovascular risk factors, but the implications for testosterone supplementation are unclear due to uncertainties in genetic variant functions.
46 citations
,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Randomized trials reported that testosterone therapy improved sexual function in postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, particularly those who had undergone oophorectomy, with reversible and well-tolerated side effects.
29 citations
,
September 1983 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that men with androgenetic alopecia had significantly lower levels of sex hormone binding globulin and higher salivary testosterone compared to controls, while plasma testosterone levels did not differ.
22 citations
,
January 2006 in “International Journal of Andrology” This study found that coadministration of 5α-reductase inhibitors with oral testosterone in oil significantly increases serum testosterone levels in medically castrated men compared to testosterone alone, with food intake minimally affecting these levels.
21 citations
,
October 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that subcutaneous testosterone therapy improved scalp hair growth in a majority of androgen-deficient women who previously reported hair thinning and did not report hair loss as a side effect.
18 citations
,
May 2014 in “Menopause” This study found that a 5-mg daily dose of transdermal testosterone cream in postmenopausal women restored testosterone levels to those typical of premenopausal women.
11 citations
,
December 2010 in “The Journal of Urology” This study found that combining oral testosterone with dutasteride increased testosterone bioavailability in hypogonadal men while suppressing dihydrotestosterone levels over a 28-day period.
11 citations
,
March 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” This review highlights the potential therapeutic applications of nandrolone, an anabolic steroid, for male health, but notes that more human studies are needed due to limited existing literature.
11 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” This review examines the scientific evidence on the short-term safety of testosterone therapy for treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women, without presenting new clinical results.
10 citations
,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” This article reviews the limited evidence on testosterone therapy for premenopausal women and notes a lack of long-term safety and effectiveness data for this population.
10 citations
,
October 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” In this study, co-administration of finasteride with oral testosterone undecanoate in young men with induced hypogonadism had no significant effect on serum testosterone or dihydrotestosterone levels, likely due to TU's unique absorption route.