This study found that men with early-onset androgenic alopecia may be partially resistant to the cardiometabolic benefits of bromocriptine compared to those with normal hair growth.
18 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy” This study found that an 8-week low-starch/low-dairy diet led to weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced testosterone levels in women with PCOS.
42 citations
,
February 1985 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study reports that once neoplastic causes are excluded, functional hirsutism can be effectively treated with low-dose dexamethasone, oral contraceptives, and spironolactone.
34 citations
,
January 2008 in “International Review of Neurobiology” This review discusses the interplay between epilepsy and reproductive endocrine disorders, examining the factors involved and emphasizing the importance of monitoring but reports no new research findings.
16 citations
,
February 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This study observed two distinct phenotypes among North Indian women with PCOS: obese hyperinsulinaemic dysglycemic women from Delhi and lean hyperandrogenic women from Srinagar, despite being in the same region.
15 citations
,
September 1973 in “PubMed” This study observed that in cases of moderately severe male-pattern hirsutism, elevated free plasma androgen levels occur in 85% of patients, suggesting a subtle hyperandrogenic state as a common underlying factor.
4 citations
,
February 2011 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” Metformin and thiazolidinediones are similarly effective for PCOS, but metformin is often preferred due to fewer side effects.
3 citations
,
August 2020 in “Nutrition Journal” This study found that spinach-derived thylakoid supplementation, combined with a calorie-restricted diet, led to more significant improvements in weight loss and insulin sensitivity in obese women with PCOS than calorie restriction alone.
May 2026 in “Quality in Sport” This study suggests that berberine may offer multiple benefits for women with polycystic ovary syndrome by improving metabolic and hormonal profiles, though further research is needed on its long-term effects on reproductive outcomes.
1 citations
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January 2013 in “Advanced Biomedical Research” This study suggests that greater sensitivity to androgens, as indicated by higher than grade 2 androgenic alopecia, may reduce the risk of schizophrenia by 8.62 times.
75 citations
,
July 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that combining low-dose spironolactone with metformin provided greater clinical benefits and improved treatment compliance in women with PCOS compared to either drug alone.
8 citations
,
July 2018 in “Analytical sciences” This study reported that derivatization with 5-butylpicolinic acid improved the sensitivity for detecting testosterone and DHT in saliva using LC-ESI-MS/MS, with minimal interference from the saliva matrix.
4 citations
,
September 1993 in “Steroids” This paper details a method for measuring testosterone metabolism into seven androgens using digital autoradiography, which offers high sensitivity and reduces the need for radioactive materials.
4 citations
,
December 2021 in “Pharmacological Reports” This study found that metformin's metabolic benefits, such as reducing fat content and improving insulin sensitivity, were less pronounced in men with early-onset androgenic alopecia compared to those with normal hair growth, possibly due to differences in systemic inflammation and vitamin D status.
In this study, researchers developed a chemiluminescence assay kit for detecting free testosterone, showing it performed well and met clinical demands with low cost and automation; free testosterone levels differed in patients with various diagnoses, suggesting its diagnostic relevance for diseases such as prostate malignancy.
October 2025 in “Scientific Reports” In this study of 131 healthy men aged 30 to 45, no relationship was found between androgen receptor gene polymorphisms related to androgen sensitivity and biological age markers, suggesting that other factors may influence the aging process independently of these genetic variations.
53 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” This review discusses the influence of androgens on hair and sebaceous growth, emphasizing that response may depend more on peripheral sensitivity than on hormone levels; it reports no new empirical results.
12 citations
,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that hair follicle cells' growth in vitro is influenced by the concentration of androgens and antiandrogens, with papilla cells and outer root sheath keratinocytes showing distinct sensitivity.
11 citations
,
January 1973 in “BMJ” This study reported that cortisone, testosterone, and thyroxine replacement therapy increased energy and hair growth, while decreasing cold sensitivity, in the absence of tumor recurrence.
In this prospective observational study at a tertiary care center in Uttar Pradesh, researchers observed that comprehensive, individualized treatments significantly improved clinical outcomes for South Asian women with PCOS, including reductions in BMI and improvements in insulin sensitivity, ovulation, and pregnancy rates.
45 citations
,
January 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” This study found that overexpression of AKR1C3 in prostate cancer cells redirected androgen metabolism towards testosterone production, which facilitated cell proliferation, potentially reducing the effectiveness of finasteride treatment.
31 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” This article reviews the role of 5α-reductase in cutaneous hyperandrogenism and the potential of 5α-reductase inhibitors and antiandrogens in treating conditions like hirsutism and male-pattern baldness, reporting no clinical results.
25 citations
,
March 2004 in “Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology” Using testosterone-stimulated weanling rats can effectively replace castrated rats for anti-androgen testing, reducing animal stress.
November 2021 in “Research Outreach” Low testosterone levels may lead to more severe COVID-19 outcomes.
This article discusses the complexities of diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women and reviews potential treatments, such as antiandrogens and finasteride, but reports no new clinical findings.
13 citations
,
August 2018 in “Clinical Chemistry” This study determined that a total testosterone concentration of ≥5.1 nmol/L identified androgen-producing tumors in women with severe hyperandrogenemia, while a lower threshold of ≥2.2 nmol/L was found for diagnosing pathologic hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women.
54 citations
,
February 1993 in “Endocrine reviews” This review examines the physiological role of androgen conjugates in cutaneous androgen metabolism and questions their association with hirsutism, without presenting new clinical findings.
October 2020 in “Authorea (Authorea)” This review discusses the influence of androgens on opioid-mediated effects and calls for further research into their role in sex differences and potential therapeutic options for chronic pain and substance use disorders.
September 1976 in “PubMed” This article discusses the causes and treatments for hirsutism, concluding that reverse-sequence therapy with cyproterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol is effective for severe cases but has cost and side effects.
66 citations
,
August 2007 in “Applied and environmental microbiology” This study engineered a bioluminescent yeast strain responsive to androgenic chemicals, demonstrating rapid and sensitive detection suitable for high-throughput screening and environmental monitoring.