In this case report, a 23-year-old man experienced dizziness, blurred vision, malaise, and fatigue after excessive use of topical minoxidil for three days, with symptoms resolving once minoxidil was discontinued.
October 2015 in “Elsevier eBooks” Minoxidil is effective for hair growth and safe for long-term use.
122 citations
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March 2013 in “Expert opinion on drug delivery” This review summarizes drug delivery strategies to hair follicles, highlighting physicochemical factors affecting penetration and the use of stimuli-responsive particulate carriers, but reports no new clinical findings.
52 citations
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February 1985 in “Archives of Dermatology” Minoxidil absorbs poorly through skin, with low risk of side effects at 1-2% concentration.
June 2025 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” A dissolving microneedle patch with dutasteride offers effective, long-lasting hair loss treatment with fewer side effects.
Minoxidil can slow hair loss and promote regrowth but won't fully restore hair.
December 2023 in “International Journal of Biomedicine” In this review, researchers explored the potential of topical finasteride as an innovative treatment for male pattern hair loss, addressing the limitations of oral finasteride, such as side effects and inconsistent effectiveness.
January 2015 in “Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences” In this study, topical tacrolimus 0.03% cream showed good to excellent response in treating alopecia areata in 70% of participants, with no cutaneous or systemic side effects observed.
This research indicates that topical minoxidil seems to be the safest option for treating hair loss in dialysis patients, but caution is advised with oral treatments like low-dose minoxidil due to potential systemic side effects.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study found that topical minoxidil is potentially the safest hair loss treatment for dialysis patients, while caution is advised for oral treatments like low-dose minoxidil due to possible systemic side effects.
October 2025 in “Open Repository of the University of Porto (University of Porto)” In this report, the author summarized activities from a six-month internship in community and hospital pharmacy settings, exploring topics like skin microbiome health implications and advancements in antiviral therapy for Hepatitis B and D, highlighting the pharmacist's role in patient care and innovative treatments.
February 2024 in “International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and nanotechnology” In this article, researchers explored the potential of lipidic nanocarriers to enhance the delivery and effectiveness of finasteride in a topical gel form for androgenic alopecia, aiming to improve treatment options and reduce systemic adverse effects.
November 2022 in “Journal of Education, Health and Sport” This review discusses various pharmacotherapies for androgenetic alopecia, concluding that combination therapies may offer more effective treatment, though more research on alternative preparations is needed.
This study found that the novel alcohol-free topical foam CG2001, combining minoxidil and finasteride, was safe and well-tolerated in Chinese males with androgenetic alopecia, with significantly lower systemic exposure to finasteride compared to oral administration, potentially reducing sexual side effects.
In this phase I study, CG2001, a topical foam combining minoxidil and finasteride, was found to be safe and well-tolerated in Chinese males with androgenetic alopecia, showing significantly reduced systemic finasteride exposure compared to oral administration, potentially reducing related side effects.
54 citations
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April 2011 in “Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare” This study found that African-American and Hispanic patients with systemic lupus erythematosus reported higher levels of unmet psychological needs and may be more prone to depression and anxiety due to SLE-related challenges.
June 2011 in “The Journal for Nurse Practitioners” This review discusses different types of hair loss in women and suggests that addressing underlying health issues or stopping trigger medications can restore hair growth without additional intervention, but it reports no new results.
16 citations
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May 2011 in “Dermatologic therapy” This article reviews side effects and relapse rates of various systemic treatments for severe alopecia areata, reporting no new clinical findings.
September 2025 in “Texila international journal of public health” In this study, isotretinoin, an effective treatment for severe acne, was found to significantly impact hematological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers, suggesting potential risks alongside its therapeutic benefits.
December 2025 in “Cosmoderma” This study reviewed evidence suggesting that systemic corticosteroids, particularly in pulse regimens like dexamethasone and betamethasone oral mini-pulse, effectively slow vitiligo progression and support repigmentation, while offering a favorable safety profile compared to continuous therapy.
January 2018 in “Springer eBooks” Terbinafine is the most effective medicine for fungal nail infections, especially for diabetics and those with weak immune systems.
49 citations
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May 2020 in “The Scientific World JOURNAL” This position paper from the Italian Mesotherapy Society discusses the application of intradermal therapy based on scientific evidence, highlighting its potential benefits for certain localized conditions, although it acknowledges the lack of randomized clinical trials for some uses.
25 citations
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May 2018 in “Clinical & Translational Oncology” This review summarizes common skin-related side effects of BRAF inhibitors and immunotherapy in advanced melanoma treatment, reporting no new clinical findings, and emphasizes consensus management to improve patient outcomes.
1 citations
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January 2024 in “Arab Board Medical Journal” This study found that tofacitinib was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for alopecia areata, with significant to moderate hair regrowth in 78% of patients observed.
December 2025 in “Fertility and Sterility” Both LNG-IUD and systemic progestins are effective for fertility-sparing treatment, but close monitoring is needed due to recurrence risk.
September 2025 in “Cureus” This study found that dermatologists in an urban academic setting most frequently use topical corticosteroids, intralesional corticosteroids, and topical minoxidil for treating central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, aligning with current literature recommendations on reducing inflammation.
1 citations
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October 2017 JAK inhibitors are effective for hair regrowth in severe alopecia areata.
April 2021 in “Texila international journal of academic research” In this randomized clinical trial, researchers reported that both topical and systemic finasteride treatments were similarly effective in increasing hair counts and terminal hair in men with androgenic alopecia after more than 3 months of follow-up.
8 citations
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June 2022 in “Frontiers in Medicine” This study found that tofacitinib is an effective and more tolerable treatment than systemic corticosteroids for moderate-to-severe alopecia areata, and its combination with corticosteroids may offer improved efficacy.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science” This review synthesizes information on isotretinoin’s systemic toxicity, emphasizing that its adverse effects, including mucocutaneous, hepatic, and musculoskeletal reactions, primarily reflect its pharmacodynamic actions and are generally manageable with individualized dosing and monitoring, though its teratogenicity remains a significant safety concern.