What Is Minoxidil, the Anti-Balding Hair Growth Treatment? Here's What the Science Says

March 2024

Jacinta Johnson, Kirsten Staff

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TLDR Minoxidil can slow hair loss and promote regrowth but won't fully restore hair.

Minoxidil is a topical treatment approved for hereditary hair loss in both males and females, though its effectiveness varies among individuals. It works by potentially affecting hair growth phases and increasing blood flow to hair follicles, which can slow hair loss and stimulate regrowth, but it is unlikely to restore a full head of hair. Minoxidil is available in 5% and 2% strengths, with the higher concentration showing slightly better results. It is not effective if hair follicles are absent, such as after burns, and is not approved for facial hair growth. Consistent use over several months is necessary to see results, and discontinuation leads to resumed hair loss. Oral minoxidil, used off-label for hair loss, has shown effectiveness in studies but may cause systemic side effects and is primarily approved for high blood pressure.

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