5 citations
,
September 2011 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” This study identified pantolactam based compounds as effective topical antagonists of the androgen receptor, reducing sebum components in a hamster model.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Expert opinion on orphan drugs” This study reviews current systemic treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa, highlighting traditional methods and new options like biological agents, and suggests that pharmacological therapies show promise, particularly for non-advanced cases, despite the disease's complex etiology involving factors such as genetics and inflammation.
7 citations
,
April 2009 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Diphenyl ethers can potentially reduce excess oil production when applied on the skin, helping treat conditions like acne.
December 2025 in “ADMET & DMPK” This review synthesizes recent research to propose a precision framework for treating androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata based on genetic insights and pathway biology, highlighting the roles of androgen-receptor signaling, immune dysregulation, and emerging therapies like regenerative medicine and AI-assisted diagnostics.
11 citations
,
March 2009 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” This study reports that 4-(alkylthio)- and 4-(arylthio)-benzonitriles showed moderate sebum reduction as androgen receptor antagonists when applied topically in a validated animal model.
5 citations
,
January 2020 in “Skin appendage disorders” This study found that oral dutasteride increased hair count more than intralesional administration in androgenetic alopecia, but more research is needed for a reliable comparison.
5 citations
,
May 2020 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This correspondence discusses clascoterone as a potential new treatment for androgenetic alopecia but reports no clinical results.
51 citations
,
October 2002 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Finasteride increases hair density in female androgenetic alopecia, but individual results may vary.
29 citations
,
February 2007 in “Hormone and metabolic research” This study found that antisense oligonucleotides can significantly reduce androgen receptor expression in cultured human sebocytes and may offer new therapeutic possibilities for androgen-associated skin diseases.
5 citations
,
December 1979 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Anti-androgens are effective for female acne but less so for male-pattern hair loss, with side effects similar to birth control pills.
November 2008 in “Medical Hypotheses” The conclusion suggests a new treatment for infantile hemangiomas and a potential target for hair loss treatment.
December 2022 in “International Journal of Biomedicine” This review discusses the potential role of androgens in COVID-19's pathophysiology and their possible link to hair disorders, but reports no new clinical results.
3 citations
,
October 1995 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This study confirms that finasteride inhibits the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in human dermal fibroblasts, suggesting potential therapeutic use for androgen-related skin disorders.
305 citations
,
February 2007 in “Hormone and metabolic research” This review discusses the roles of androgens and estrogens in skin functions and disorders, and highlights the use of estrogen-progestin treatments and anti-androgens in managing hirsutism and acne, without reporting new results.
131 citations
,
August 2000 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Inflammation may be linked to hair loss, and targeting specific enzymes could help treat it.
87 citations
,
May 2018 in “Scientific Reports” This study found that in healthy men, higher levels of free testosterone were associated with a stronger immune response to the influenza vaccine, suggesting androgens may function as immunomodulators rather than strict immunosuppressants.
59 citations
,
May 2014 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” This review discusses current therapeutic targets and treatments for androgenic alopecia but reports no clinical results; the authors highlight the challenge of developing multi-target drugs for effective treatment.
53 citations
,
March 2014 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine” The document explains different types of hair loss, their causes, and treatments, and suggests future research areas.
47 citations
,
August 2000 in “Endocrine Reviews” This review discusses idiopathic hirsutism, potential underlying mechanisms, and various therapeutic approaches without providing new clinical results, and emphasizes the need for further research on well-defined patient groups.
34 citations
,
July 2020 in “Frontiers in immunology” This mini-review discusses the role of androgens, specifically testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, in the pathogenesis of autoimmune liver diseases and reports no new results.
17 citations
,
November 1997 in “Andrology” Finasteride effectively treats enlarged prostate and male baldness, improves symptoms of hirsutism in women, but doesn't work for acne, and may delay prostate cancer progression with few side effects.
6 citations
,
July 2013 in “Acta Clinica Belgica” This review discusses idiopathic hirsutism and suggests that combination treatment, including androgen suppression and cosmetic methods, is most effective, but notes that its pathogenesis remains unclear.
2 citations
,
February 2021 in “Brain Research” This study found that testosterone replacement in castrated male rats counteracted endotoxemia-induced arterial baroreflex dysfunction without significantly affecting neuroinflammation.
March 2026 in “Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences” This study found that exosomes derived from hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells modulated inflammatory biomarkers by decreasing CXCL12 and increasing IL-10 expression in a DHT-induced androgenic alopecia mouse model, indicating potential for treating hair loss through immunoregulation.
January 2019 in “Springer eBooks” Acne is linked to inflammation and insulin resistance, and is associated with various syndromes that require different treatments.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” This article discusses the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis in androgen production and spermatogenesis but presents no new research findings.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study suggests that sweat glands may have an immune privilege similar to hair follicles, and disruptions in this could contribute to autoimmune skin diseases.
January 2012 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” This article discusses the role of androgens in skin conditions like acne and alopecia, emphasizing combined systemic and topical therapy approaches, but it reports no new clinical outcomes.
37 citations
,
May 1999 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” This review discusses neutrophil-associated and infiltrative scarring alopecias, as well as promising new treatments, but reports no new clinical results.
29 citations
,
December 1998 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” This review examines recent approvals and emerging treatments for androgenetic alopecia, discussing newly approved drugs like Propecia and Rogaine Extra Strength 5%, but without presenting new clinical results.