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Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.

Researchers found 44 proteins that change during different hair growth stages and may be important for hair follicle function.

Finasteride use can cause lasting negative effects like sexual dysfunction, depression, anxiety, and cognitive issues.

Bald men may have a lower risk of testicular cancer.

Certain transcription factors are key in controlling skin stem cell behavior and could impact future treatments for skin repair and hair loss.

Histone demethylases play a key role in the development of many diseases and may be targets for treatment.

HDAC6 helps keep ovarian follicles dormant, extending female fertility.

Antiandrogens and androgen inhibitors like spironolactone, finasteride, and dutasteride can treat hair loss and skin conditions, but they have risks and side effects, including potential harm to pregnant women and risks of cancer and heart issues. Herbal remedies also have antiandrogenic effects but lack safety validation.

The conclusion is that endocrinology significantly impacts medicine with various common medications used for treatment.

Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.

HNG may help prevent the negative effects of chemotherapy on sperm production and white blood cell counts.

Gene mutations can cause problems in male genital development.

Flutamide caused damage to male rat reproductive organs and may affect fertility.

Some cancer and immune system drugs can cause serious side effects, including heart, lung, nerve, and organ damage, which need careful monitoring and management.

Foxp1 helps control hair stem cell growth and response to stress during hair growth cycles.

Basonuclin 2 is vital for the development of facial bones, hair follicles, and male germ cells in adult mice, and its absence can lead to dwarfism and abnormal follicles.

SOX9 is essential for the development of various organs and hair follicles.

Omega-6 fats in certain cells boost male hormone production.

A new mRNA variant of the SCF gene in sheep skin produces a shorter, different protein.

Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.

Lifestyle changes like a healthy diet, exercise, and proper sleep can help manage PCOD.

Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.

Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (L-PGDS) is a protein that plays many roles in the body, including sleep regulation, pain management, food intake, and protection against harmful substances. It also affects fat metabolism, glucose intolerance, cell maturation, and is involved in various diseases like diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. It can influence sex organ development and embryonic cell differentiation, and its levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for certain conditions.

The review concludes that innovations in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and developmental biology are essential for effective tissue repair and organ transplants.

Polycystic ovary syndrome, a disorder causing menstrual issues and infertility, can be treated with lifestyle changes, medication, herbal remedies, surgery, and assisted reproductive techniques like artificial insemination and IVF.

Researchers found genes linked to feather growth speed in Shouguang chickens, highlighting two genes that might explain differences in feathering.

N-acetylcysteine may prevent hair loss caused by chemotherapy.

COVID-19 may harm male reproductive health and lower testosterone levels, potentially affecting fertility and causing erectile dysfunction. More research is needed.

Finasteride in male rats causes liver and metabolic issues in their offspring.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.