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Continuous light exposure in rats leads to PCOS-like symptoms and suggests sleep habits might affect the disorder's development.

Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome, affecting sexual development.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

A woman with acromegaloidism and normal growth hormone levels had a rare X-Tetrasomy, suggesting a need to study X-chromosome genes for their role in growth and facial development.

A boy with early puberty and laughing seizures was treated, stopping seizures and slowing puberty.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Alopecia common in teens, may indicate endocrine issue, minoxidil effective treatment.

Genes play a significant role in male-pattern baldness, and understanding them could lead to new treatments and insights into related health issues.

No consistent link between genotype and phenotype in 5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency.

Neuregulin3 affects cell development in the skin and mammary glands.

The conclusion is that small hair follicles cause baldness in macaques, and treatments like antiandrogens and minoxidil can prevent hair loss and promote regrowth.

Early adrenal gland maturation in young children can be normal, but other serious conditions should be ruled out first.

Small changes in hormones can significantly impact health, showing the importance of sensitive testing for chemicals that disrupt hormones.

Recurrent vaginal bleeding in young girls without puberty signs may require a genital exam to find hidden causes.

Ring Chromosome 11 may be linked to conditions like early puberty, excessive hair growth, hair loss, and type 2 diabetes.

Understanding skin patterns can help us learn about skin diseases and their treatments.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

Understanding hair follicle anatomy helps diagnose hair disorders.

Most youth with gender dysphoria received hormones, had minor complications, and showed a decrease in suicide attempts after treatment.

Antiandrogens affect androgen-dependent body functions and are used for various medical conditions, with some risks like fetus feminization, but new forms like 17α-propylmesterolone show promise for acne without systemic effects.

The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.

Androgens are important for normal ovarian function and estrogen production, but may not be the main cause of follicle death.

The conclusion is that understanding how feathers and hairs pattern can help in developing hair regeneration treatments.

Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

Future research on ectodysplasin should explore its role in diseases, stem cells, and evolution, and continue developing treatments for genetic disorders like hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

A patient with Satoyoshi syndrome improved with a treatment combining several medications, including carbamazepine and methotrexate.

The paper suggests that hair loss might be caused by skull growth, not just DHT's effect on hair follicles, and calls for more research.

Hormones during puberty increase certain receptors in the brain, and this change is influenced by estrogen levels.