Gonadal Dysgenesis and Bone Metabolism

The document from February 1, 2001, discusses the impact of gonadal dysgenesis, specifically Turner's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome, on bone metabolism. Turner's syndrome, characterized by severe estrogen deficiency, leads to a significant decrease in bone mass due to increased bone turnover, which can be improved with estrogen therapy. Growth hormone combined with estrogens may be beneficial during the prepubertal period. Klinefelter's syndrome is associated with low testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels, reduced osteoblast function, and increased bone turnover, particularly affecting the femoral neck. Early androgen therapy can have positive effects on bone, while recent data suggest that estrogens might contribute to bone demineralization in Klinefelter's syndrome, and bisphosphonate therapy could be advantageous.