56 citations
,
November 2010 in “Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research” This article discusses the role of neurohormones and neuropeptides in hair follicle pigmentation and outlines promising neuroendocrinological strategies to address greying and damage, but reports no new clinical results.
1 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Biosciences and Medicines” This study found that the ACTH/MC2R system is important for hair cycle regulation, with deficiencies in MC2R leading to altered hair growth phases in mice.
60 citations
,
August 2005 in “Endocrinology” This study suggests that αMSH may play a regulatory role in human dermal papilla cells, potentially influencing immune and inflammatory responses in hair follicles, which could contribute to inflammatory alopecia.
January 2026 in “Aging and Disease” This study found that, despite confirming MC1R expression and functional cAMP signalling, α-MSH treatment did not alleviate UVA-induced stress in adult dermal fibroblasts, suggesting that α-MSH-MC1R may not directly protect against UVA-induced photoaging in these cells.
98 citations
,
July 2014 in “Trends in Molecular Medicine” This article discusses the role of human hair follicles in neuroendocrinology and suggests potential new therapeutic targets by examining how neuromediators influence hair growth, pigmentation, and stem cell biology in organ cultures.
June 2025 in “Albus Scientia” This review discusses the role of the MC1R gene in human pigmentation and its genetic variants, reporting no new results; the authors highlight its forensic applications for phenotypic prediction.
32 citations
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October 2004 in “Experimental Dermatology” This study found that α-MSH acts as a modulator of inflammatory and fibrogenic responses in human fibroblastic skin cells, indicating potential therapeutic options for fibrotic skin disorders and inflammatory diseases of the hair follicle.
11 citations
,
February 2018 in “Archives of Pharmacal Research” This study found that finasteride decreases melanin levels in melanocyte and melanoma cells by inhibiting MC1R, without causing cytotoxicity, suggesting its potential role in regulating melanogenesis.
9 citations
,
January 2019 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” The skin acts like an endocrine organ, making hormones that affect skin diseases and respond to stress.
76 citations
,
November 2009 in “Medical Clinics of North America” This article reviews the hormonal and medication-related factors associated with acne development but does not present new research findings.
30 citations
,
October 2016 in “Current research in translational medicine” This essay reviews the role of human scalp hair follicles in the "brain-skin connection," highlighting their dual function as targets and sources of neurohormones, without reporting new experimental results.
191 citations
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May 2018 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” This study reviewed recent theories on alopecia areata's pathogenesis, highlighting its autoimmune nature due to immune privilege disruption in hair follicles, and noted current treatments have limited efficacy with high relapse rates, underscoring the need for further research into its mechanisms for better therapies.
37 citations
,
March 2006 in “Regulatory Peptides” This study reports that GLP-1 receptors and proglucagon are expressed in the skin of newborn mice, with GLP-1 potentially playing a role in skin development and hair follicle formation.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “Scientific Reports” This study investigated the Mandarin duck as a model for understanding lifelong developmental changes, finding that male sail feather morphogenesis involves a combination of local morphogenetic programs, epigenetic regulation, and hormonal cues, with increased female estrogen levels observed before the mating season.
11 citations
,
April 2023 in “Skin Health and Disease” This review discusses the interplay between dermatology and psychology in psychodermatology, highlighting the impact of neuroendocrine stress pathways on skin diseases and the importance of considering skin of color.
15 citations
,
June 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review discusses recent genetic findings on hormonal signaling pathways in androgenetic alopecia, reporting no new study results but highlighting the need for further investigation.
4 citations
,
July 2022 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This study identified a novel homozygous mutation in the 5'-UTR of the POMC gene, suggesting a new molecular mechanism for the syndrome of adrenal insufficiency, obesity, and red hair.
1 citations
,
July 2014 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This review discusses various topics from the 62nd Annual Montagna Symposium on the Biology of Skin, focusing on the diverse effects of light on skin biology, and reports no new clinical results.
146 citations
,
January 2004 in “Hormones” This review explores the complex endocrine functions of human skin and its role as a peripheral endocrine organ, but reports no new clinical results.
1 citations
,
December 2023 in “Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience” The study found that in mice, conditional knockout of p53 in epidermal keratinocytes reduced food intake following UVB exposure and resulted in anxiety-related behaviors, suggesting that p53 plays a role in appetite stimulation and anxiety via UVB-induced β-endorphin production.
29 citations
,
November 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” This study found that α-MSH administration before skin wounding in adult mice reduced inflammation and scar area, suggesting a potential pathway to more regenerative healing.
September 2004 in “Experimental dermatology” This study found that normal murine hair follicles are direct targets for melatonin bioregulation, expressing receptors that are regulated in a hair cycle-dependent manner, influencing keratinocyte apoptosis.
5 citations
,
May 2017 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” In this study, plasma levels of MSH and cortisol in patients with alopecia areata did not show significant changes compared to healthy controls.
97 citations
,
September 2016 in “Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders” This review summarizes recent multidisciplinary advances in sebaceous gland research and highlights potential novel therapeutic strategies for skin diseases, but it reports no new clinical results.
68 citations
,
May 2011 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.
21 citations
,
November 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” This article reviews sebaceous immunobiology and highlights the complex role of sebaceous glands and sebocytes in skin barrier function and inflammation, particularly in acne pathogenesis, but reports no new results.
October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” This review examines the role of androgens and androgen receptors in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, focusing on their effects on mitochondrial content and function; it also discusses the sex-dimorphic influence of androgens and provides theoretical insights into their mechanisms.
8 citations
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December 2017 in “Skin appendage disorders” This study observed that the genes WNT7A, CASP7, and TNF were overexpressed in early stages of androgenetic alopecia, suggesting involvement of the WNT pathway, apoptosis, and inflammation in the disorder's development.
November 2025 in “Frontiers in Veterinary Science” In this study, feeding H-line chickens a diet with 1.0% tyrosine for 40 days significantly increased melanin deposition in feathers and revealed changes in gene expression related to melanin pathways, suggesting tyrosine's involvement in regulating feather color through the EDNRB2 regulatory network.
40 citations
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May 2014 in “PLoS ONE” This study suggests that chronic stress can lead to decreased skin pigmentation in mice by disrupting the skin's HPA axis, potentially making stress a risk factor for depigmentation.