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Different species and human skin models vary in their skin enzyme activities, with pig skin and some models closely matching human skin, useful for safety assessments and understanding the skin's protective roles.

Nanoparticles with more oleic acid improved the delivery and stability of the drug spironolactone.

The review found no clear link between vitamin D receptor gene variations and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Syphilis has a wide range of symptoms that can look like other diseases, and if not treated, it can progress to a more serious stage, especially in HIV-positive patients.

Transit-amplifying cells are crucial for tissue repair and can contribute to cancer when they malfunction.

Trichoscopy is useful for diagnosing and monitoring systemic lupus erythematosus, with certain hair and scalp changes indicating more active disease.

Meis1 is crucial for skin health and tumor development.

Researchers created a mouse model for Cushing's syndrome to study glucocorticoid excess and potential treatments.

Researchers created a skin treatment that could effectively deliver medication into hair follicles.

Topical vitamin D is useful for some skin conditions but not effective for others, and more research is needed.

COVID-19 can cause various skin issues, including rashes and hair loss, which usually heal on their own and don't always indicate severe illness.

Methotrexate effectively treated a 2-year-old's generalized pustular psoriasis without side effects.

Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome, affecting sexual development.

Most pregnant women experience skin changes like darkening and itching, while serious skin conditions are rare but need early treatment.

FPHL causes hair loss in women due to genetics and hormones; minoxidil and anti-androgens are treatments, and early intervention is advised.

The cause of atypical Cushing's syndrome in dogs, possibly linked to sex hormones, is not yet proven.

An 8-year-old girl with vitiligo developed extra hair growth on her knee after using tacrolimus ointment.

Hormones and genetics play key roles in male and female baldness, which can affect mental health and may be linked to other health issues.

Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.

The study concluded that testing hormone levels after stimulation is not reliable for identifying carriers of 21-hydroxylase deficiency; genetic testing is necessary.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

The document concludes that PCOS has a strong genetic component, but more research is needed to fully understand the specific genes involved.

Effective treatments for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy are not yet available; more research is needed.

The document concludes that side effects from Smoothened inhibitor drugs for skin cancer are reversible and can be managed with a team approach to maintain quality of life.

A 10-year-old girl with Fox Fordyce disease improved with treatment, suggesting the disease can occur before puberty and might be underdiagnosed in young girls.

Lupus treatment requires a combination of drugs and therapies, with research needed for new options.

Men with more vanadium in their blood and who drink less soy milk are more likely to have hair loss.

Acne is caused by multiple factors including oil production, bacteria, inflammation, and possibly diet and environment.

UVA1-light therapy successfully treated a child's skin condition, mycosis fungoides.

Scalp involvement is common in pemphigus and can lead to hair loss, with the severity of scalp lesions linked to overall disease severity.