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Type 2 diabetes in youth is increasing, with high treatment failure rates and more severe than Type 1; certain drugs can lower lipid levels effectively with varying side effects, and apples may benefit heart health like statins but with fewer side effects.

Parkinson's disease is linked to skin disorders and skin cells help in studying the disease.

Women have a higher risk of blood clots from hormonal factors and need careful treatment, especially during pregnancy.

New treatments for skin and hair disorders in women of color address unique biological differences and include specific acne medications, sunscreens, skin lighteners, and hair care adjustments.

Environmental factors like diet and vitamin levels, especially Vitamin D, can affect autoimmune diseases differently, with lifestyle changes potentially improving outcomes.

There are significant gaps and inconsistencies in diagnosing and treating alopecia areata in Greece and Italy.

Proxalutamide improved blood markers related to inflammation, immune response, and clotting in COVID-19 patients, potentially reducing hospitalizations.

New treatments for ichthyosis, like protein replacement and gene therapy, show promise and may become standard care.

Proxalutamide improved recovery, lowered death rates, and reduced hospital stay for COVID-19 patients.

Imiquimod may be a better non-surgical treatment for cervical pre-cancer, but its effectiveness for vaginal pre-cancer is unclear, and it has some side effects.

The medicine baricitinib was found to notably improve hair regrowth in alopecia areata, but more research is needed on its side effects and other treatments.

Men and women respond differently to drugs for COVID-19, high cholesterol, and diabetes, which suggests a need for personalized treatments.

Ritlecitinib and baricitinib are similarly effective for hair regrowth in severe alopecia areata.

Low-dose oral minoxidil can cause serious side effects like heart issues, so use the lowest effective dose.

There is no standardized treatment for hidradenitis suppurativa, and individualized plans are needed.

Testosterone is linked to cardiovascular risk factors and stroke, but its exact role is unclear.

Targeted anticancer therapies in children often cause skin side effects like rash and dry skin.

Biologic therapies can cause various adverse events, but allergy/immunology clinicians can manage them.

Glucocorticoids for progressive muscular dystrophy in children don't improve muscle strength or function but do increase certain side effects.

The JAK/STAT pathway is important in cell processes and disease, and JAK inhibitors are promising for treating related conditions.

No single treatment is clearly effective for central serous chorioretinopathy.

Dupilumab can cause rare side effects like a rash on the face and neck.

Acne can't be cured but can be managed with treatments like benzoyl peroxide and diet changes; it's costly and can lead to scarring and mental health issues.

Treatments for enlarged prostate can cause problems with ejaculation, and less invasive options might preserve sexual function better.

Bariatric surgery improves ovulation rates in women with PCOS and obesity better than medical therapy.

Adding hormone therapy to radiation improves survival for high-risk prostate cancer recurrence but has side effects.

Urologists should monitor mental health in patients taking finasteride due to potential links to suicidal thoughts, adjusting dosage or stopping use if necessary. More research is needed to confirm if finasteride causes these thoughts.

Medications for glucose metabolism and weight control, combined therapy options, and herbal medicines may help regulate menstrual cycle in adolescents with PCOS.

Rosemary oil may effectively treat hair loss with fewer side effects, but more research is needed.

Skin side effects from cancer drugs targeting EGFR can affect treatment adherence but can be managed with antibiotics like tetracycline.