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This study demonstrates that PAD1 and PAD3 are involved in hair follicle differentiation, while PAD1 and PAD2 may play a role in the physiology of sweat glands and arrector pili muscles.

In this study, transfection experiments showed that mutations in the K85 gene affect filament formation with K35, which may impact hair formation related to ectodermal dysplasia.

This study found that disulfide bonds in keratin increase its strength and toughness, with some loss of α-helical structure under load, highlighting their role in trichocyte α-keratin's mechanical properties.

This study presents evidence that specific thymus-derived peptides affect human hair follicle growth, identifying thymulin as a potential hair growth stimulator despite interindividual response variations.

This study on Indian dromedary camel breeds investigated the KRTAP7 protein, finding all four breeds shared an identical gene sequence, with 13 phosphorylation and glycosylation sites influencing hair characteristics, alongside predicted interactions with other biosynthesis-related proteins.

This study identified the distribution of keratin-associated proteins during cornification in the epidermis of reptiles, revealing unique structural characteristics in sauropsid keratin proteins compared to other vertebrates.

Keratin-associated proteins are crucial for hair strength and structure.

A peptide in shampoo can promote hair growth and improve hair condition.

This study found that intermediate filaments and matrix proteins in presumptive hair shaft cells are synthesized sequentially, identifying a new polypeptide component that changes during hair cell differentiation.

This study found that small proline-rich proteins modify the biomechanical properties of cornified cell envelopes in rodent forestomachs, potentially affecting the tissue's ability to withstand mechanical stress.

This study found that rete ridge morphogenesis in mammalian skin is directed by a BMP-dependent developmental program, which is evolutionarily distinct from other known pathways controlling the development of hair follicles, sweat glands, and fingerprint ridges.

This study introduced a bioengineering platform that creates early-stage hair peg-like structures within tissue-engineered skin substitutes by integrating human keratinocytes and dermal papilla cells with laser-micropatterned collagen scaffolds, providing a foundation for future appendage-inclusive skin regeneration efforts.

This review discusses recent research and applications of RADA16 and RADA16-based peptide scaffolds in biomedicine, including their roles in tissue repair and drug delivery, but reports no new clinical results.

Human hair keratin has a 40% α-helix structure that changes to a random coil in 8 M urea.

This review discusses the association between androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism and several health conditions, including Kennedy’s disease and urologic disorders, without reporting new clinical results.

This study utilized a sequence-structure alignment approach to improve the characterization of Class A Rhodopsin GPCR superfamily, including orphan and unclassified receptors, through evolutionary analysis.

This study found that an octapeptide binding to Lgr5 can enhance the proliferation and differentiation of human primary hair cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting its potential as a treatment for hair loss in androgenetic alopecia.

This study suggests that Ptprq in the hair bundles may exist as multiple isoforms that are differentially expressed throughout development and affect the organization of stereocilia in the chick inner ear.

In this study, molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the Glu413Lys mutation in human hair keratin significantly affects the stability of coiled coil structures, whereas Glu413Asp showed no impact on stability.

This study reports that KRTAP-like proteins, which resemble keratin-associated proteins found in mammals, are also present in the cornified teeth of various lamprey species, suggesting these proteins may serve similar functions in skin appendages across different vertebrates despite independent evolutionary origins.

In this study, researchers identified five unique sequences of the ovine KAP13-3 gene, with potential implications for wool traits due to observed amino acid changes.

This study found that Plant Elicitor Peptides enhance root hair growth through a mechanism independent of their known receptors, with PROPEP2 playing a key role in this process by influencing gene expression related to root hair formation.

This study identified nine novel KRTAP5 family genes associated with human hair formation, demonstrating preferential expression in hair roots and suggesting their role in hair development.

This study successfully synthesized acetyl tetrapeptide-3 on a laboratory scale with over 56% yield and 100% purity, supporting its use in developing hair loss and scalp care products.

This review critically examines recent progress in peptide-based treatments for pancreatic disorders, including tools and strategies for pancreatitis, diabetes, and pancreatic cancer, highlighting advancements in drug design and preclinical efficacy, while also detailing ongoing clinical trials and future directions in precision medicine.

This study identified two evolutionarily conserved ultra-high-sulfur keratin proteins in human and sheep hair follicles, which are specifically expressed in the hair cuticle during the late stages of fiber development.