March 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” This study found that 4-aminopyridine significantly improved skin wound healing by enhancing wound closure, tissue regeneration, and cellular interactions involved in repair processes.
21 citations
,
November 2010 in “Journal of molecular medicine” This study found that deleting FoxN1 in specific thymic epithelial cells disrupted the 3D thymic structure and led to age-dependent formation of 2D epithelial cysts, highlighting FoxN1's critical role in thymic morphogenesis.
69 citations
,
January 2013 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review summarizes existing knowledge on the role of FOXN1 as a key regulator of thymic epithelial cell lineage and function, reporting no new experimental results.
September 2025 in “Science Advances” This study reports that PADI4, an enzyme involved in posttranslational protein modifications, regulates progenitor cell transitions in hair follicle development by repressing transcription and interacting with translational and ribosomal processes.
34 citations
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December 2009 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” In this study, thymosin beta4 over-expression in transgenic mice was linked to accelerated hair growth and abnormal tooth development, suggesting roles in hair and tooth physiology.
In this study, Smad4 deletion in satellite cells hindered skeletal muscle regeneration in adult mice and did not enhance regeneration in aged mice, indicating Smad4's crucial role in muscle repair.
January 2019 in “Advances in stem cells and their niches” Krox20 is important for cell differentiation in the brain and hair follicles.
December 2004 in “PLoS ONE” In this study, the Foxn1(-/-) nude phenotype was associated with an altered regulation of epithelial progeny in skin, offering a valuable model for investigating stem cell niche maintenance and regulation.
1 citations
,
July 2023 in “Nature communications” This study found that deleting the Mof gene in mouse skin leads to severe defects in skin cell self-renewal, differentiation, and hair follicle growth, indicating that MOF is crucial for mitochondrial and ciliary gene expression and essential for skin development.
11 citations
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October 2024 in “Cell Death Discovery” In this study on mice with severe thermal skin burns, researchers found that administering 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) helped reduce inflammation and apoptosis, promoted angiogenesis, and accelerated wound healing by enhancing specific cellular behaviors and signaling pathways.
222 citations
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August 2014 in “Cell Metabolism” In this study, researchers found that mitochondrial complex I plays a crucial role in regulating innate immunity and bone remodeling, with Ndufs4 deletion causing systemic inflammation and osteopetrosis through various metabolic shifts and cellular mechanisms.
118 citations
,
December 2003 in “Mechanisms of Ageing and Development” Thymosin β4 helps heal wounds, grow hair, and improve blood vessel formation.
22 citations
,
November 2016 in “International journal of molecular sciences” This study suggests that impaired VDR signaling in mice leads to dysregulated Ddit4 expression, impacting hair cycle progression and wound healing.
May 2005 in “Cancer Research” This study found that over-expression of thymosin beta-4 in transgenic mice accelerated wound healing and hair growth, but did not affect tumor progression despite stimulating tumor metastasis.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “PeerJ” This study found that intradermal injection of Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 4 inhibits, but does not block, hair follicle regeneration in mice, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for hair follicle regeneration disorders.
June 2026 in “Research Square” This study identified a group of dermal fibroblasts near hair follicle stem cells in mice that facilitate hair regeneration by creating a biomechanically compliant extracellular matrix, enhancing stem cell activation and promoting a positive feedback loop for tissue regeneration.
October 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that inhibiting DPP4 during a critical period post-wounding increases hair follicle regeneration and Wnt signaling in large skin wounds.
12 citations
,
December 2022 in “Current Protein and Peptide Science” This review discusses the molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of thymosin β4, highlighting its potential benefits for inflammation, wound healing, tumor metastasis, and other medical conditions but reports no new experimental results.
68 citations
,
December 2010 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study suggests a regulatory model where HOXC13 activates Foxn1, affecting hair and nail differentiation, supported by similarities in Hoxc13(tm1Mrc) and Foxn1(nu) mice phenotypes and gene expression patterns.
85 citations
,
May 2009 in “Hippocampus” This study found that progesterone enhances the survival of newborn neurons in the hippocampus of adult male mice, which is associated with improved spatial learning and memory.
4 citations
,
February 2008 in “Cell stem cell” NFATc1 is crucial for keeping hair follicle stem cells inactive.
15 citations
,
June 2015 in “PLoS ONE” This study found that thymosin beta-4 overexpression in mice increased hair growth speed and density, likely by regulating P38/ERK/AKT signaling through VEGF expression.
This study indicates that CD4 protein may have a functional role in basal cell-like keratinocytes through TCR/CD3-independent signaling, affecting their proliferation, differentiation, and migration.
1 citations
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April 2008 in “Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research” This study suggests that Foxn1 expression in keratinocytes influences pigmentation in mice, highlighting differences in the molecular mechanisms between mouse and human pigmentation processes.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study suggests that human dermal papilla cells respond to hypoxia by increasing the expression of HIFs, TGF-β2, and BMP4, which may influence hair cycle regulation.
January 2010 in “Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Nanjing” This study found that progesterone increased the survival of newborn neurons and enhanced spatial learning and memory in adult male mice, independent of neuron production changes.
November 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study found that conditional deletion of Mof in mice resulted in severe defects in skin development, including compromised epidermal differentiation and hair growth, leading to perinatal lethality.
13 citations
,
January 2021 in “Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine” This review discusses the roles and mechanisms of thymosin β4 in hair follicle growth and development but reports no new experimental findings; the authors emphasize the need for further research on its molecular pathways.
98 citations
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December 2003 in “The FASEB Journal” In this study, thymosin beta4 was found to stimulate hair growth in normal rats and mice by affecting key processes in the hair follicle cycle, such as stem cell migration and extracellular matrix remodeling.
24 citations
,
April 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that TRPV4 activation induced massive exocytosis and cellular changes associated with ferroptosis in melanoma cells, highlighting a potential role for TRPV4 in mediating these processes.