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GlossaryNeuroinflammation

inflammation of nervous tissue involving immune cell activation

Neuroinflammation refers to the inflammation of the nervous tissue, which can occur in the brain or spinal cord. It is typically a response to infection, injury, or disease and involves the activation of immune cells within the central nervous system. This process can contribute to various neurological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and even some forms of alopecia, where the immune response may inadvertently target hair follicles.

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Treatment of Male Rats with Finasteride, an Inhibitor of 5alpha-Reductase Enzyme, Induces Long-Lasting Effects on Depressive-Like Behavior, Hippocampal Neurogenesis, Neuroinflammation, and Gut Microbiota Composition

research Treatment of Male Rats with Finasteride, an Inhibitor of 5alpha-Reductase Enzyme, Induces Long-Lasting Effects on Depressive-Like Behavior, Hippocampal Neurogenesis, Neuroinflammation, and Gut Microbiota Composition

37 citations, September 2018 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology”

Finasteride treatment in male rats causes long-lasting effects on depression-like behavior, brain cell growth, inflammation, and gut bacteria composition.

Direct Implantation of Hair-Follicle-Associated Pluripotent Stem Cells Repairs Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Reduces Neuroinflammation in Mouse Model

research Direct Implantation of Hair-Follicle-Associated Pluripotent Stem Cells Repairs Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Reduces Neuroinflammation in Mouse Model

3 citations, January 2023 in “PloS one”

Implanting hair-follicle stem cells in mice brains helped repair brain bleeding and reduced brain inflammation.

research Androgenic Modulation of Arterial Baroreceptor Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in Endotoxic Male Rats

2 citations, February 2021 in “Brain Research”

Testosterone affects blood pressure control and inflammation in male rats with endotoxic shock, and blocking certain hormones may help treat it.

research Anti-Amnesia-Like Effect of Pinus Densiflora Extract by Improving Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation in Trimethyltin-Induced ICR Mice

September 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences”

Pinus densiflora extract may help improve memory and reduce brain inflammation.

research Protein Kinase C Downregulation Upon Rapamycin Treatment Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Disease

December 2020 in “Innovation in aging”

Rapamycin treatment helps reduce brain inflammation and symptoms of mitochondrial disease by blocking specific pathways in mice.

research Mechanisms Underlying Select Chemotherapeutic-Agent-Induced Neuroinflammation and Subsequent Neurodegeneration

21 citations, October 2018 in “European Journal of Pharmacology”

Chemotherapy can cause brain inflammation and damage, and understanding this process could help manage side effects.

research Sex Differences in Steroid Levels and Steroidogenesis in the Nervous System: Physiopathological Role

35 citations, November 2019 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology”

Men and women have different levels and production of brain steroids, which may affect their risk for certain brain disorders.

research Mitochondria Dysfunction and Inflammation in Traumatic Brain Injury: Androgens to the Battlefront

9 citations, December 2021 in “Androgens”

Androgens like testosterone may help treat traumatic brain injury by reducing mitochondrial stress and inflammation.

research Combined Drug Triads for Synergistic Neuroprotection in Retinal Degeneration

6 citations, April 2022 in “Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy”

Using three different drugs together may better treat eye diseases like glaucoma and macular degeneration.

research The Role of Sleep in Telogen Effluvium and Trichodynia: A Commentary in the Context of the Current Pandemic

6 citations, January 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology”

Poor sleep during the pandemic may increase stress and worsen hair loss conditions.

research Neurotoxins Acting at Synaptic Sites: A Brief Review on Mechanisms and Clinical Applications

5 citations, December 2022 in “Toxins”

Neurotoxins can affect neurotransmitter release and have potential in treating muscle, pain, and cancer conditions, but more research is needed on how they work.

research TSPO Ligand Etifoxine Attenuates LPS-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice

5 citations, October 2020 in “Brain Research Bulletin”

Etifoxine, an anxiety drug, can lessen brain inflammation and cognitive issues in mice, partly by increasing production of protective brain steroids.

research The Connection of 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors to the Development of Depression

4 citations, August 2021 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy”

5-alpha reductase inhibitors, like finasteride and dutasteride, may cause depression, but more research is needed to understand why.

research Therapeutic Effect of Finasteride Through Its Antiandrogenic and Antioxidant Role in a Propionic Acid-Induced Autism Model: Demonstrated by Behavioral Tests, Histological Findings and MR Spectroscopy

3 citations, April 2022 in “Neuroscience Letters”

Finasteride may help treat autism by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.

research Bipolar Patients and Bullous Pemphigoid After Risperidone Long-Acting Injectable: A Case Report and Literature Review

3 citations, October 2021 in “Brain Sciences”

Long-term use of Risperidone may be linked to a serious skin condition in bipolar patients, affecting their overall well-being.

research Acetate Meliorates Depressive-Like Behaviour in a Rat Model of PCOS Through Suppression of HDAC2 Expression and DNA Methylation

1 citations, May 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

Acetate helps reduce depression in rats with PCOS by lowering specific gene expression and DNA changes in the brain.

research Pathophysiological Mechanisms Implicated in Postpartum Depression

142 citations, January 2019 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology”

Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.

research Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4): New Insights into Immunity and Aging

15 citations, November 2023 in “Immunity & ageing”

TLR4 is important in aging-related diseases and could be a new treatment target.

research Synaptic Processes and Immune-Related Pathways Implicated in Tourette Syndrome

1 citations, April 2020 in “medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

The study found that Tourette Syndrome may be linked to certain immune system processes and synaptic signaling.

research Procyanidins Attenuate Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Matrix Metalloproteinase-9/2

22 citations, June 2018 in “Journal of Neuroinflammation”

Procyanidins from grape seeds reduce nerve pain by blocking specific proteins and inflammation.

research Case of Alemtuzumab-Related Alopecia Areata Management in Multiple Sclerosis

10 citations, October 2018 in “Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation”

Systemic corticosteroids might help treat hair loss caused by alemtuzumab in MS patients.

research Overnight Loss of Pigmented Hair in Autoimmune Autonomic Neuropathy Treated with IVIg

2 citations, September 2019 in “Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation”

IVIg treatment improved symptoms but caused permanent dark hair loss.

research Minoxidil Is a Potential Neuroprotective Drug for Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

28 citations, March 2017 in “Scientific Reports”

Minoxidil may protect nerves and improve hair quality during paclitaxel treatment.

research PKC Downregulation Upon Rapamycin Treatment Attenuates Mitochondrial Disease

26 citations, December 2020 in “Nature metabolism”

Rapamycin treatment helps with mitochondrial disease by reducing PKC levels.

research A Connection Between the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore, Autophagy, and Cerebral Amyloidogenesis

14 citations, May 2008 in “Journal of proteome research”

Dutasteride may help reduce brain plaque linked to Alzheimer's by affecting cell energy structures and waste removal.

research Sodium Selenate as a Disease-Modifying Treatment for Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: An Open-Label Extension Study

8 citations, December 2021 in “BMJ neurology open”

Sodium selenate was found to be safe and possibly slows Alzheimer's progression, but more research is needed.

research Protein Kinase C Is a Key Target for Attenuation of Leigh Syndrome by Rapamycin

5 citations, February 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

Rapamycin may help treat Leigh syndrome by targeting protein kinase C.

research Transient Calcium Entry by Plasmalogen-Mediated Activation of Receptor Potential Cation Channel Promotes AMPK Activity

3 citations, November 2022 in “Frontiers in molecular biosciences”

Plasmalogens activate a channel in cells that may stimulate hair growth.

research Alopecia Universalis After Alemtuzumab Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis: A Two-Year Follow-Up of Two Patients

3 citations, July 2021 in “International journal of environmental research and public health/International journal of environmental research and public health”

Two patients developed complete hair loss after Alemtuzumab treatment for MS, with no regrowth after two years.

The Influence of Finasteride on Mean and Relative Spectral Density of EEG Bands in a Rat Model of Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatic Encephalopathy

research The Influence of Finasteride on Mean and Relative Spectral Density of EEG Bands in a Rat Model of Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatic Encephalopathy

1 citations, March 2016 in “Neurotoxicity Research”

Finasteride may protect brain and improve behavior in rats with liver failure.