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Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

This review explores the use of skin penetration enhancers like Transcutol® in various formulation systems, discussing their mechanisms and effectiveness in improving transdermal drug delivery without breaching the skin.

This paper proposes a systematic approach to evaluating scalp itch using the SCALLP acronym and highlights the importance of classifying cases based on the presence of dermatological lesions and hair loss, but it reports no new clinical findings.

This review discusses the paracrine properties of cardiac stem cells and pericytes in regenerative medicine for ischaemic diseases and reports no new clinical results.

This study found that hair products commonly used by Black women exhibited hormonal activity, which could impact health outcomes and contribute to health disparities.

This review discusses the role of cholesterol homeostasis in hair follicle biology and its potential connections to various hair disorders, but it reports no new findings.

This study developed lipid-core nanocapsules for encapsulating menthol, improving its solubility and thermal stability, and demonstrated their safety and rapid skin absorption in ex vivo tests, highlighting potential applications for cosmeceuticals.

This review discusses the structure and function of steroid nuclear receptors, particularly focusing on androgen receptor dysregulation in prostate cancer and androgen insensitivity syndromes, without reporting new experimental results.

This study found that Cacumen platycladi extract significantly promoted hair growth and reduced dihydrotestosterone levels by inhibiting 5α-reductase activity in an androgen-sensitive mouse model.

This article reviews the proposed mechanism of minoxidil in treating androgenetic alopecia, suggesting it may prolong the anagen phase by modulating cell growth factors and vascular activity, but reports no new results.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

This review discusses the diagnostic criteria and treatment options for adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome, highlighting ongoing debates and the need for further research, without presenting new clinical results.

In this study, early-onset androgenetic alopecia in men was associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome and carotid atherosclerosis compared to controls, suggesting cardiovascular screening might be beneficial for this group.

This review examines the benefits and potential risks of androgen replacement therapy for male hypogonadism but reports no new clinical results; the authors highlight the need for careful risk assessment, especially in older men.

This study found that spironolactone 100 mg daily did not demonstrate objective benefits in managing idiopathic hirsutism, as it increased hair shaft diameter without reducing serum androgen levels.

This review discusses cross-sex hormone therapy for managing gender dysphoria in transsexual individuals and reports no new clinical results; it highlights the need for education and culturally sensitive training for healthcare professionals.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

This study reported that women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome have higher rates of clinically significant insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness than women without the condition, highlighting the need for sleep disorder screening in this population.

This study found that sex differences in somatostatin biosynthesis in rat hypothalamic neurons develop between postnatal day 1 and 5, influenced by the conversion of testosterone to estrogen.

This review discusses challenges in managing cutaneous drug reactions to anticonvulsants and reports no new clinical findings; the authors emphasize the complexity of discontinuing or rechallenging suspected agents.

This review summarizes the promising role of melatonin combined with nanosized carriers in drug delivery, suggesting enhanced effectiveness in treating various diseases compared to free melatonin.

This review discusses the current understanding of propranolol's use in treating infantile hemangiomas, covering its indications, effectiveness, side effects, and ongoing clinical trials, without presenting new clinical results.

Over 50% of women over 50 experience hair loss, with minoxidil being the only proven effective treatment.

This study identifies iRhom2 as a crucial regulator of hair follicle differentiation, showing that the iRhom2Uncv mutation leads to dysplasia and reduced TACE maturation, resulting in a hairless phenotype in mice.

This study found that men with early-onset androgenetic alopecia had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome and carotid atheromatous plaques than control subjects, suggesting a need for cardiovascular screening in this group.

This study found that finasteride significantly reduced dihydrotestosterone levels but did not provide clear evidence of impaired libido or erectile function compared to placebo in men.

This review discusses the evaluation of hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men across different life stages and presents biomarkers used for diagnosing male hypogonadism, reporting no new clinical results.

This review examines nonmalignant skin toxicities from immunosuppressive and transplant-related medications, emphasizing the need for effective identification and management by care providers; it presents no new research findings.

This study identified significant changes in the expression of nine proteins in the nucleus accumbens of rats treated with finasteride, suggesting potential novel targets for its neuropsychiatric effects.

This study found that MENT is 10 times more potent than testosterone in suppressing gonadotropins and contributing to anabolism in monkeys, with a potentially wider therapeutic index for human androgen replacement and male contraception.