18 citations,
April 2010 in “Langmuir” Human hair surface varies in wettability, showing daily and monthly patterns.
11 citations,
January 2016 in “Biointerphases” The hair's outermost surface has multiple layers of lipids and proteins.
10 citations,
January 1971 in “The American midland naturalist” A simple method can show hair's surface pattern.
8 citations,
January 2016 in “Skin research and technology” The 12-point scale is better for evaluating small changes in hair condition after using hair care products.
1 citations,
August 2022 in “Chemical engineering journal advances” Scientists made human hair magnetic by coating it with special nanoparticles.
Understanding hair surface properties is key for effective hair care products.
June 2024 in “ChemBioChem” Replenishing free 18-MEA can help restore damaged hair surfaces.
April 2023 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” Direct heat perms cause more damage to hair than softening heat perms.
September 2024 in “Skin Research and Technology” AFM can help diagnose lichen planopilaris by identifying specific hair structure changes.
February 2024 in “Medicina” AFM can diagnose hair disorders by revealing detailed hair surface changes.
Water and fatty acids affect hair's surface differently based on hair damage, and models can help understand hair-cosmetic interactions.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hair care products used for 4 weeks made hair smoother.
25 citations,
May 2019 in “Cosmetics” 18-MEA and cationic surfactants can restore and maintain hair's hydrophobic nature, improving its beauty and feel.
25 citations,
December 2011 in “Surface and interface analysis” Bleaching hair causes significant damage by breaking down proteins and fatty acids.
17 citations,
July 2019 in “Scientific reports” Surface and internal treatments can help prevent hair lipid loss during washing.
2 citations,
January 2004 in “PubMed” Conditioners with PQ-10 soften the flat part of hair cuticles but harden the edges.
23 citations,
May 2010 in “Surface and interface analysis” Chemical treatments and UV radiation severely damage the lipid layer on hair.
1 citations,
November 2003 in “Humana Press eBooks” AFM helps study hair surfaces for dermatology, cosmetics, and forensics.
19 citations,
July 2018 in “ACS biomaterials science & engineering” Bleaching and combing damage hair's surface and mechanical properties.
10 citations,
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Oxidation changes human hair by breaking down fats and forming new acidic groups, affecting how it interacts with conditioners and cosmetics.
36 citations,
October 2014 in “Langmuir” Bleaching hair removes its protective top layer and exposes more hydrophilic groups, changing its chemical surface and affecting how it interacts with products.
19 citations,
May 2010 in “Surface and interface analysis” 18-MEA is essential for hair's water resistance, and a conditioner with 18-MEA and SPDA can restore it.
18 citations,
January 2000 in “Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology” Modified artificial hair with collagen improves tissue adhesion and is safe for long-term use.
September 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Chemical treatments change hair surface properties, making it more hydrophilic and able to bind conditioners.
January 2008 in “Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory” Cysteine formation on hair indicates damage, best detected at pH 4.5.
1 citations,
April 2023 in “Langmuir” Damaged hair allows water to penetrate more easily, and fatty acids from shampoos can deposit on hair surfaces.
18 citations,
August 2014 in “Lipids” Human hair has more unsaturated fats inside than on the surface, and certain lipids may help bind the outer and inner layers together.
August 2007 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Hair fibers break by cuticle cell slipping, shape changing, cuticle fraying, and surface cracking when stretched under specific conditions.
43 citations,
September 2001 in “Scanning” Hair treatments like bleaching increase friction by exposing tiny pores on the hair surface.
13 citations,
March 2006 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The study found that a polymer treatment changes the charge on hair surfaces, making bleached hair smoother and less porous.