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This study identified non-structural proteins in preschool children's scalp hair that suggest potential biomarkers for brain development, immune function, and stress response with heritability and age-related differences.

In this case report, a patient with early inflammatory linear morphea showed remarkable hair regrowth after treatment with topical creams, highlighting dermoscopy's value in diagnosis and monitoring disease progression.

This review discusses the potential of JAK inhibitors as a promising treatment strategy for alopecia areata, highlighting their mechanism and recent FDA approval based on clinical trial efficacy.

This review examines the potential of regulatory T cell-based therapies to transform treatment across various medical specialties by promoting immune tolerance and tissue repair, but it reports no new clinical results.

This study found that PPARα agonists provided protective effects in mouse models of alopecia areata by promoting early reversal of the condition and inhibiting T effector cell function, indicating potential therapeutic value for this inflammatory condition.

This study synthesizes knowledge of how dendritic cell signals, epithelial integrins, and fibroblast activity converge on TGF-β1 to maintain or disrupt skin healing, contrasting normal and fibrotic scar formation and suggesting possible integrin and immune-targeted treatments for skin fibrosis.

This article discusses the anatomical and biological aspects of hair follicle stem cells in the bulge region but reports no new research findings.

In this review, researchers detail how immunosenescence and chronic neuroinflammation contribute to Parkinson's disease progression, exploring potential therapeutic strategies targeting this axis, such as senolytic agents and immune rejuvenation, while highlighting associated challenges and future research needs.

This study suggests that vitamin A influences the immune response and hair cycle, affecting the progression of alopecia areata in mouse models.

This study found that certain T cell-associated genes were upregulated in dogs with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome and vitiligo, suggesting a shared immunopathogenesis with humans.

This review explores the emerging roles of NK cells in various diseases, including allergies and skin conditions, and reports no new clinical results while indicating NK cell involvement in immune processes.

This study reviewed the challenges of delivering nucleic acids for gene therapy, highlighting the limitations of non-viral vehicles and exploring bioinspired strategies using cell membrane camouflage for improved delivery efficacy.

This review examines the potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in treating and possibly preventing allergic diseases, and reports no new clinical results.

This study reviews evidence that in keloid development, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) drives fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis not only through the classical Smad-dependent pathway but also via equally important Smad-independent signaling cascades, suggesting these pathways as possible targets for more effective keloid therapies.

This study suggests that while Nanostring profiling identifies important processes in resolving MA-ARDS, solely targeting late-stage resolution by altering SPM production is not enough. The researchers conclude that combining multi-targeted adjunctive therapies with antimalarial drugs may be necessary to enhance survival and recovery.

Alopecia areata is caused by an immune response, and targeting immune cells might help treat it.

Regulatory T cells help prevent autoimmunity and have potential for treating autoimmune diseases.

This study found that JAK inhibitors promote hair regrowth in both mice and human alopecia areata cases by blocking key immune pathways involved in disease development.

This review examines the interplay of genetics and neuroimmunology in alopecia areata, highlighting its potential to inform broader autoimmunity research, but reports no new findings.

This study found that Malt1, particularly its protease activity, plays a crucial role in maintaining Treg cell function and homeostasis, with its inactivation leading to autoimmune diseases and altered immune responses in mice.

This review discusses the role of PPAR-γ in the pathogenesis of primary cicatricial alopecia, including its involvement in lichen planopilaris and treatment trials using PPAR-agonists, and reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the significance of IL-1 family cytokines in skin inflammation and pathology, emphasizing their interactions with microbes and potential therapeutic applications, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses how extracellular vesicles play a dual role in age-related diseases by contributing to both disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies through the transfer of specific molecules.

This study found that nanobubble-encapsulated diclofenac with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (DNBs-UTMD) can enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of Doxil® by regulating the tumor immune microenvironment, improving drug uptake, and increasing T cell responses while reducing immune-suppressive cells in the process.

This study found that MDSC exosomes promoted partial hair regrowth and modulated immune responses in mice with alopecia areata, suggesting potential as a treatment for autoimmune diseases.

This review discusses the roles and interactions of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in maintaining mucosal barrier integrity and highlights how their dysregulated responses may contribute to intestinal pathologies.

This review discusses the roles and mechanisms of tissue-resident regulatory T cells in immune regulation and tissue homeostasis, but reports no new experimental results.

This review reports no new results but highlights the secretory function of keratinocytes, focusing on how various secretions, notably growth factors, impact stem cell differentiation into keratinocytes.

In this study using the C3H/HeJ mouse model of alopecia areata, researchers found that hyperexpanded CD8⁺ T cell clones were sufficient to initiate disease, establishing a causal link between T cell clonality and pathogenicity.

This study found that deleting ceramide synthase 4 in skin epidermis stem cells disrupts hair follicle and skin barrier function, leading to immune responses similar to atopic dermatitis, due to imbalances in lipid composition affecting differentiation.