The Functional Relevance of the Type 1 Cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 in Alopecia Areata of C3H/HeJ Mice

    November 2005 in “ Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings ”
    Pia Freyschmidt‐Paul, Margot Zöller, Kevin J. McElwee, John P. Sundberg, Rudolf Happle, Rolf Hoffmann
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    TLDR IFN-γ and IL-2 are important for T cell activation in hair loss in mice.
    The study investigated the involvement of type 1 cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 in alopecia areata (AA) using C3H/HeJ mice. Results showed that IFN-γ knockout mice were completely resistant to AA, as evidenced by the lack of perifollicular lymphocytic infiltrate and reduced T cell activation markers, while IL-2 heterozygous mice had a significantly lower incidence of AA, with only 47% developing the condition compared to 90% of normal mice. This resistance was linked to decreased T cell activation and fewer perifollicular CD4+ and CD8+ cell infiltrates. The study concluded that IFN-γ and IL-2 play a crucial role in T cell activation in AA pathogenesis, with IFN-γ being particularly significant. Immunohistochemistry and FACS analysis were used to support these findings.
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