53 citations
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September 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study suggests that cultured hair follicle dermal sheath cup cells exhibit immune privilege properties, partly through the expression of PD-L1, which impacts co-cultured immune cells' behavior.
33 citations
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October 2006 in “European Journal of Immunology” This study found that CD44 and CD49d together enhance signaling pathways in lymphocytes in mice with alopecia areata, influencing their activation and function.
January 2023 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” This study found that overexpression of miR-1246 in peripheral CD4+ T cells can reduce markers associated with inflammation and T cell activation in severe active alopecia areata, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits.
April 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” This study found that activating hair follicle resident T cells in a human organ culture can induce an alopecia areata-like immune response, and that the drug farudodstat partially reduced this effect.
In this study, the researchers used a human hair follicle model to demonstrate that T cell stimulation can induce an alopecia areata–like phenotype, with cell proliferation and immune privilege collapse; however, the DHODH inhibitor farudodstat partially mitigated these effects by reducing T cell proliferation.