TLDR The CD44-CD49d complex boosts T cell activation and survival in autoimmune disease.
The study explored the role of CD44-CD49d complex formation in autoimmune diseases, particularly alopecia areata (AA), using a mouse model. It was found that lymph node cells from AA mice showed increased expression and co-localization of CD44 and CD49d, which was linked to enhanced T cell activation and resistance to apoptosis. The CD44-CD49d complex recruited molecules like FAK, lck, and ezrin, influencing cell adhesion, migration, and activation. This complex supported a motile phenotype and increased apoptosis resistance, as indicated by higher levels of Bcl-Xl and Bcl2. The findings suggested that the CD44-CD49d association played a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AA by affecting leukocyte adhesion, activation, and survival, highlighting its significance in autoimmune disease mechanisms.
24 citations
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May 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Chronic contact eczema may help hair regrowth in alopecia areata by reducing certain immune cell movement.
20 citations
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February 2004 in “Clinical & Experimental Immunology” SADBE treatment led to complete hair regrowth in mice with alopecia areata by altering immune cell movement.
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June 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” CD44 variant changes start alopecia areata, but don't maintain it.
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November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Skin grafts on mice can cause an immune response leading to hair loss, useful for studying human hair loss conditions.
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June 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Alopecia areata in these mice is inherited, more common in young females, and can be treated with triamcinolone acetonide.
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September 2015 in “Expert Review of Clinical Immunology” Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.
82 citations
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March 2016 in “Autoimmunity reviews” Animal models have helped understand hair loss from alopecia areata and find new treatments.
April 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Alopecia areata and vitiligo share immune system dysfunction but differ in specific immune responses and affected areas.
19 citations
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January 2017 in “Stem Cells International” Adipose-derived stem cells show promise in treating skin conditions like vitiligo, alopecia, and nonhealing wounds.
26 citations
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July 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” The review suggests that a special cell-derived treatment shows promise for various skin conditions and hair growth but needs more research for confirmation.
