Current and Potential Agents for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata

    February 2001 in “ Current pharmaceutical design ”
    Pia Freyschmidt‐Paul, Rolf Hoffmann, Ethan Levin, John P. Sundberg, Rudolf Happle, Kevin J. McElwee
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    TLDR Current and future treatments for alopecia areata focus on immunosuppression, immunomodulation, and protecting hair follicles.
    Alopecia areata (AA) was identified as a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease targeting hair follicles. The review discussed current treatments, including immunosuppressive agents and immunomodulatory contact sensitizers like diphenylcyclopropenone and squaric acid dibutylester, evaluating their efficacy and mechanisms. Future treatments might focus on immunosuppression, immunomodulation, or protecting hair follicles from inflammation. Potential approaches included using liposomes for better delivery, applying immunosuppressive cytokines (TGF-beta, IL-10), inhibiting apoptosis via the Fas-FasL system, blocking the lymphocyte homing receptor CD44v10, inducing tolerance, and exploring gene therapy.
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