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The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.

New treatments for hair loss, fertility, and wound healing are being explored.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.

Vitiligo is a skin condition causing white spots, more common in women, often starts before age 20, and can affect mental health.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Human skin makes sexual hormones that affect hair growth, skin health, and healing; too much can cause acne and hair loss, while treatments can manage these conditions.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

Removing part of the vitamin D receptor stops vitamin D from working properly.

The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Hair loss in women is genetic, diagnosed by examination and biopsy, and treated with minoxidil, finasteride, or transplantation.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Mice lacking the PPARγ gene in their fat cells had almost no fat tissue, severe metabolic problems, and abnormal development of other fat-related tissues.

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and may help with baldness, but effects on sexual function and male fetuses are unclear.

Hormone treatments in transsexual individuals reduce hair growth and oil production in male-to-females and increase them in female-to-males.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

High androgen levels in young women with PCOS are linked to higher blood pressure.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Fat cells in the skin help start healing and form important repair cells after injury.

No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.