51 citations
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May 2011 in “Phytotherapy Research” This study suggests that red ginseng rhizome extracts, particularly ginsenoside Ro, may promote hair re-growth in an androgenetic alopecia model due to their inhibitory activity on testosterone 5α-reductase.
42 citations
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March 2014 in “European Journal of Pharmacology” This study found that minor ginseng saponin F2 may promote hair growth more effectively than finasteride by enhancing anagen induction and modulating the Wnt signaling pathway in cell and mouse models.
28 citations
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March 2020 in “Journal of ethnopharmacology” This study found that ginsenoside Rb1 treatment significantly reduced aging symptoms in mice by regulating cell cycle and apoptotic pathways, potentially linked to metabolic changes.
28 citations
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May 2019 in “Life Sciences” This study found that ginsenoside Rb1 promoted the growth of mink hair follicles and dermal papilla cells, potentially through activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
22 citations
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January 2014 in “Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” This study found that ginsenoside F2 may suppress hair cell apoptosis and improve hair growth outcomes in a DHT-induced hair loss model more effectively than finasteride.
21 citations
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January 2015 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” This study investigates the potential hair growth effects of Panax ginseng and its ginsenosides on human hair follicles, suggesting mechanisms similar to those of minoxidil.
15 citations
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September 2012 in “PTR. Phytotherapy research/Phytotherapy research” In this study, topical application of ginsenosides Rb₁ and Rd in mice increased cell proliferation in hair follicles, suggesting they may help prevent hair loss by promoting growth through p63 induction.
14 citations
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January 2016 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” In this study, researchers found that ginsenoside Re from Panax ginseng increased hair shaft length and duration in mice, comparable to minoxidil, by modulating TGF-β signaling pathways.
11 citations
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March 2024 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” This review discusses the pharmacological actions and potential therapeutic benefits of ginsenoside compound K for metabolic disorders, reports no new clinical results, and suggests further research on its bioavailability and toxicity.
10 citations
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January 2015 in “European journal of pharmacology” In this animal study, ginsenoside Rb1 demonstrated therapeutic effects on hypertrophic scar remodeling, with the highest efficacy observed at a dose of 0.56 mg.
6 citations
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July 2013 in “Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine” This study found that topical ginsenoside Rg1 may protect skin from UVB-induced damage in mice by reducing pathological changes and modulating cytokine mRNA expression associated with inflammation and immune response.
5 citations
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November 2022 in “Journal of Ginseng Research/Journal of ginseng research” This study investigated the role of autophagy in human dermal papilla cells and found that inhibiting autophagy accelerates the catagen phase by reducing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, adding ginsenoside Re appears to restore autophagy, suggesting potential benefits for mitigating hair loss linked to autophagy inhibition.
5 citations
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October 2022 in “Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology” Ro stress hindered ginseng root growth and ginsenoside production, but increased certain hormones and affected gene regulation related to plant growth and stress responses.
4 citations
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June 2021 in “Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology” This study found that ginsenoside Rg4 enhanced hair-inductive properties of dermal papilla cells via the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway, suggesting its potential as a natural therapy for hair growth.
1 citations
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February 2024 in “Preprints.org” This review discusses the pharmacology and potential therapeutic effects of rare ginsenoside compound K on metabolic disorders but presents no new clinical results, highlighting the need for further studies on its bioavailability and toxicity.
1 citations
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January 2023 in “E3S web of conferences” This study found that adding yeast extract or coconut water to Panax ginseng root hair cultures did not increase ginsenoside levels, though coconut water increased biomass.
January 2024 in “Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin” In this study, Panax ginseng extract and its ginsenosides were found to stimulate the proliferation of hair-related cells and promote the transition from the telogen to the anagen phase, enhancing hair-shaft growth by suppressing BMP4 expression in human dermal papilla cells.
January 2026 in “Industrial Crops and Products” In this study, oral administration of ginsenoside Rf from Panax ginseng promoted hair regrowth and increased hair thickness in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia by enhancing androgen receptor degradation, highlighting its potential for cosmetic and functional food applications.
December 2025 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” In mouse studies, this research found that combining ginsenoside Rg3 and glycyrrhizic acid with minoxidil improved treatment outcomes for androgen alopecia by addressing both symptoms and root causes, notably activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and promoting hair follicle cell proliferation.
March 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” This study found that combining minoxidil with ginsenosides Rg3 in a novel delivery system improved hair growth by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in androgen alopecia treatments.
January 2024 in “Regenerative Biomaterials” In this study, researchers developed a biodegradable microneedle made of hyaluronic acid, intended to enhance drug delivery through the skin's stratum corneum and potentially promote hair growth by overcoming the skin's barrier function in alopecia treatment.
June 2023 in “Food frontiers” In this animal study, researchers observed that ginsenoside CK significantly reduced hair loss, improved sexual organ health, and encouraged hair growth in mice with androgenetic alopecia by modulating key signaling pathways and normalizing hormone metabolism, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that treating human dermal fibroblast cells with ginsenoside Rd increased the expression of mRNA associated with the dermal-epidermal junction, suggesting potential as an anti-aging cosmetic ingredient.
33 citations
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January 2015 in “Journal of Ginseng Research” This study found that ginsenoside Rg3 significantly inhibited melanogenesis in human melanocytes and B16F10 cells by activating the ERK pathway, suggesting potential as a skin-whitening agent.
28 citations
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December 2020 in “Journal of Ginseng Research” This study found that ginsenoside Rf from Panax ginseng may serve as an effective anti-pigmentation agent by inhibiting the CREB/MITF pathway, reducing melanogenesis in melanocytes and UV-irradiated human skin.
20 citations
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December 2013 in “PTR. Phytotherapy research/Phytotherapy research” This study found that ginsenoside Rg3 up-regulates vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human dermal papilla cells and mouse hair follicles, suggesting its potential role in promoting hair growth.
December 2025 in “Journal of Nanobiotechnology” This study introduced a novel microneedle-based system for androgenetic alopecia treatment, which delivered Ginsenoside Compound K and S-nitrosoglutathione to enhance hair regeneration by improving the hair follicle microenvironment and promoting follicular cell proliferation.
November 2024 in “Fermentation” In this study, researchers found that fermented ginsenoside from kimchi-derived bacteria enhanced hair growth in a mouse model and increased hair cell proliferation by 25% in vitro, suggesting potential as a therapeutic candidate for promoting hair growth.
59 citations
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August 2003 in “Phytotherapy Research” This study found that a 70% methanol extract from red ginseng stimulated hair growth in mouse vibrissal follicles, suggesting its bioactive components, particularly certain ginsenosides, may promote hair growth.
52 citations
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September 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This review highlights the potential of ginseng and its metabolites in preventing hair loss, detailing their hair growth-promoting effects observed in numerous preclinical studies, and emphasizing the underlying mechanisms involved.